航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (23): 630389-630389   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30389

增升装置噪声马赫数相似律大型风洞试验

宋玉宝1(), 章荣平1, 孙一峰2, 张俊龙1, 范正磊1   

  1. 1.中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳 621000
    2.上海飞机设计研究院,上海 200135
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-14 修回日期:2024-04-03 接受日期:2024-05-17 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 宋玉宝 E-mail:lansha_2009@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    试验技术研究项目(1800120177)

Mach number similarity law of high-lift device noise based on large-scale wind tunnel test

Yubao SONG1(), Rongping ZHANG1, Yifeng SUN2, Junlong ZHANG1, Zhenglei FAN1   

  1. 1.China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China
    2.Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 200135,China
  • Received:2024-03-14 Revised:2024-04-03 Accepted:2024-05-17 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-06-17
  • Contact: Yubao SONG E-mail:lansha_2009@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Project of Experimental Technology Research(1800120177)

摘要:

声学风洞试验可能面临模型尺寸、马赫数、雷诺数等参数未能完全模拟的情况,需要基于相似准则开展测试结果变换。基于5.5 m×4 m大型航空声学风洞与配套的全模、半模模型,开展了增升装置气动噪声特性分析与马赫数相似律试验研究。其中,相似律研究主要考虑频率修正与噪声强度修正,频率修正分别对比了基于斯特劳哈尔数与亥姆霍兹数的变换方法,强度修正在对比研究的基础上采用了分频段建立修正参数的方法,提出了频段划分的指导建议,并开展了2种频率修正变换的统一性分析。结果表明,增升装置噪声声源部件构成、机理与规律在不同频段存在差异,并受到缝翼/襟翼角度、模型迎角、运行风速、测点位置/传播方向等影响;增升装置噪声总体上具有良好的相似性,基于所建立的相似变换方法,实现了不同马赫数状态下噪声的有效预测,并且,预测方法对不同模型状态及测点位置具有良好的适用性;噪声曲线斜率与声源组成、特性具有关联性,可以用曲线斜率的转折频率作为频段划分频率;对非零迎角状态,使用基于亥姆霍兹数变换的频率修正,中低频段、中高频段强度修正系数分别取5、6,可以取得良好预测效果;基于斯特劳哈尔数与亥姆霍兹数的变换方法,一定程度上具有内在统一性。

关键词: 增升装置, 气动噪声, 风洞试验, 相似律, 频率修正, 强度修正

Abstract:

In the aeroacoustic wind tunnel test, a common case is that not all parameters can be simulated sometimes (e.g., model size, Mach number and Reynolds number, etc.). Correspondingly, test results transformation is needed to be conducted based on similarity laws. Based on the 5.5 m×4 m aeroacoustic wind tunnel and the corresponding full and half models for the aeroacoustic study of large-scale aircraft, the properties and Mach number similarity laws of high-lift device noise were studied experimentally. During the study of similarity laws, correction of frequency and amplitude of noise spectrum was considered mainly. For frequency correction, the transformation methods based on Strouhal number and Helmholtz number are compared. On this basis, the amplitude correction parameters are considered to be of different values in divided frequency ranges, and suggestion for the selection of division frequency is proposed. Further, the uniformity of the two frequency transformation methods is analysed. The results indicate that the composition, mechanism and principles of the high-lift device noise source are different in various frequency ranges, and are affected by slat/flap angles, angles of attack of model, wind speeds, test positions/propagation directions, etc. A good similarity is presented for the high-lift device noise on the whole. Based on the similarity transformation method, the noise at different wind speeds is predicted effectively, and the prediction method is well suitable for various model situations and test positions. The slopes of noise spectra are related to sound source compositions and properties, and the break frequency of the slopes can be selected as the dividing frequency for the frequency ranges. For the model states with non-zero angles of attack, when the frequency correction is based on Helmholtz number, a good prediction result can be obtained with the amplitude correction parameters being set as 5 and 6 in the middle to low frequency range and the middle to high frequency range, respectively. The transformation methods based on Strouhal number and Helmholtz number show inherent unity to some extent.

Key words: high-lift device, aerodynamic noise, wind tunnel test, similarity law, frequency correction, amplitude correction

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