航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (22): 332000-332000   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32000

电动垂直起降飞行器电驱系统研究进展综述

苗永泽1,2, 范兴纲1,2(), 李大伟1,2, 孙伟1,2, 黄礼浩3,4, 郝圣桥3, 方海洋1,2, 曲荣海1, 尤延铖4   

  1. 1.华中科技大学 电气与电子工程学院,武汉 430074
    2.华中科技大学 电能高密度转换全国重点实验室,武汉 430074
    3.中国航发控制系统研究所,无锡 214063
    4.厦门大学 航空航天学院,厦门 361102
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-20 修回日期:2025-05-19 接受日期:2025-07-15 出版日期:2025-07-29 发布日期:2025-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 范兴纲 E-mail:xinggangfan@hust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52477049);中国航发集团产学研基金(HFZL2023CXY032)

Research advances in electrical propulsion systems for electric vertical take-off and landing aircrafts: A comprehensive review

Yongze MIAO1,2, Xinggang FAN1,2(), Dawei LI1,2, Wei SUN1,2, Lihao HUANG3,4, Shengqiao HAO3, Haiyang FANG1,2, Ronghai QU1, Yancheng YOU4   

  1. 1.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of High-Density Electrical Energy Conversion,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China
    3.AECC Aero Engine Control System Institute,Wuxi 214063,China
    4.School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China
  • Received:2025-03-20 Revised:2025-05-19 Accepted:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-29 Published:2025-07-18
  • Contact: Xinggang FAN E-mail:xinggangfan@hust.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52477049);AECC Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project(HFZL2023CXY032)

摘要:

近年来电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)这一新型航空载运工具作为低空经济的实际载体之一,吸引着越来越多的政策支持、资本投入和学界关注。电驱系统是eVTOL的核心动力装置,其性能对飞行器的运行品质具有决定性影响。首先,阐述了eVTOL电驱系统的不同架构,并对其进行分类,归纳eVTOL电驱系统的技术特点和要求。其次,梳理并总结了国内外主要eVTOL整机产品及其采用的电驱系统,分析了各电驱系统性能指标和技术特点,明确了当前技术水平现状。此外,针对高性能电驱系统实现技术途径,探讨了国内外在eVTOL电机电磁、冷却、结构、材料和电控设计技术方面的研究进展。最后,基于前述技术需求和现状分析,指出eVTOL电驱系统的发展趋势和技术挑战,为此领域研究人员提供参考。

关键词: 低空经济, 电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL), 电驱系统, 高转矩密度, 功率密度, 电机设计

Abstract:

Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL), a new type of air carrier, has attracted more and more policy support, capital investment and academic attention as one of the actual carriers of low-altitude economy in recent years. The electrical propulsion system is the core power unit of eVTOL, and its performance has a decisive impact on the operational quality of the vehicle. This paper first describes the different architectures of eVTOL electrical propulsion systems, and classifies them to summarize the technical characteristics and requirements of eVTOL electrical propulsion systems. Next, the main domestic and foreign eVTOL machine products and their adopted electrical propulsion systems is compiled and summarized, the performance indexes and technical characteristics of each electrical propulsion system is analyzed, and the current status of the technology level is also clarified. In addition, for the realization of high-performance electrical propulsion system, this paper discusses the research progress of eVTOL motor electromagnetic, cooling, structure, material and electronic control design technology at home and abroad. Finally, based on the aforementioned technical needs and current situation analysis, this paper points out the development trend and technical challenges of eVTOL electrical propulsion system, providing reference for researchers in this field.

Key words: low-altitude economy, electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL), electrical propulsion system, high torque density, specific power, machine design

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