吕定翀1, 赵守军2,3, 曾思2,3, 付剑1(), 胡心童1, 刘会祥2, 苗克非2,3, 付永领1
收稿日期:
2024-01-24
修回日期:
2024-02-19
接受日期:
2024-04-19
出版日期:
2024-08-15
发布日期:
2024-06-11
通讯作者:
付剑
E-mail:fujian@buaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
Dingchong LYU1, Shoujun ZHAO2,3, Si ZENG2,3, Jian FU1(), Xintong HU1, Huixiang LIU2, Kefei MIAO2,3, Yongling FU1
Received:
2024-01-24
Revised:
2024-02-19
Accepted:
2024-04-19
Online:
2024-08-15
Published:
2024-06-11
Contact:
Jian FU
E-mail:fujian@buaa.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
伺服电机泵是电静液作动器的核心动力和控制部组件,其制约了作动器的极限输出性能。国际知名液压技术研究机构,如穆格、派克等,已推出了用于航空航天和高端民用装备的系列产品。近年来,中国多个科研机构及高等院校对高性能伺服电机泵开展了多方面技术研究,取得了一些突破性的进展,但关键技术仍不成熟。从航空航天应用特点出发,结合机器人、航海以及工业设备等多个领域,对高性能伺服电机泵相关研究进行了综述,总结了其发展和应用情况,分析了其在高端应用场景下的高功密、高动态、长寿命、低噪音和智能化等关键性能需求,基于此讨论了其在机理研究、设计理论和组件强化等方面的技术难点,为高性能电静液作动和核心部组件技术的进步提供支撑。
中图分类号:
吕定翀, 赵守军, 曾思, 付剑, 胡心童, 刘会祥, 苗克非, 付永领. 高性能伺服电机泵关键技术及挑战[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(15): 630225-630225.
Dingchong LYU, Shoujun ZHAO, Si ZENG, Jian FU, Xintong HU, Huixiang LIU, Kefei MIAO, Yongling FU. Key technologies and challenges of high⁃performance servo⁃motor⁃pumps[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(15): 630225-630225.
表 1
机器人领域中不同液压泵特性的比较[17]
Pump feature | Type of pump | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Centrifugal | Piston | Impeller | Screw | Gear | |
Self-priming | No | Limited | Yes | Limited | Limited |
Pressure range | Low | Low to high | Low to high | Low | Low to high |
Weight | Low | High | Low to high | High | Low to high |
Two-way pumping | No | Limited | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Wide speed range | No | Limited | Yes | No | Yes |
Efficiency | Low | High | Low | Low | Low to high |
Complexity of construction | High | High | Low | High | Low |
表 2
典型领域的电机泵应用比较
典型应用领域 | 动力元件 (发展阶段) | 具体应用场景;动力元件类型 | 典型技术特征 |
---|---|---|---|
航空航天 | 伺服电机泵 (第Ⅲ阶段) | 1) 火箭摇摆发动机[ 2) 军用飞机 F-35[ 3) 民用飞机 A380;SMP\IMP | 1) 对动态性能要求高(二阶带宽15 Hz左右) 2) 高压力(35 MPa)、高转速(15 000 r/min)且工作在变转速下 3) 液压泵种类通常为功率密度高、效率高的轴向柱塞泵 |
机器人 | 伺服电机泵 (第Ⅲ阶段) | 1) 灵巧手[ 2) 医用外骨骼[ 3) 仿生机器人[ | 1) 微型化(尺寸小,排量小,压力低),电机与泵集成度高 2) 对动态性能要求高,能够快速启停/换向 3) 多采用结构简单的齿轮泵,效率低(10%~28%) |
航海 | 集成电机泵 (第Ⅱ阶段) | 1) 船舶[ 2) 潜艇[ 3) 水下自主航行器;EMDP | 1) 船舶的作动方案以传统液压驱动系统为主,动力元件是电动泵 2) 集成电机泵的低噪音特性符合潜艇的需求,有应用潜力 3) 采用柱塞泵、齿轮泵、叶片泵等各种类型的液压泵 |
工业设备 | 电动泵 (第Ⅰ阶段) | 1) 工程机械;EMDP 2) 坦克炮作动系统[ 3) 加工机械 加工中心[ | 1) 工业上多采用传统液压系统和分体式电动泵 2) 排量固定,转速固定,负载大 3) 军用设备对驱动系统有快速响应的需求 |
表 3
方向舵系统 FRYDEMBO HS180X2S额定参数[5]
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Rated mechanical power (two pumps) | 26 kW |
Rated electric power (two pumps ) | 59 kW (440 V, 60 Hz) |
Rated efficiency | 44.3% |
Rated speed (two pumps) | 0.77 r/min |
Rated operating torque | 322 kN·m |
Maximum operating torque | 462 kN·m |
Mechanical design torque | 604 kN·m |
Overall weight | 4 300 kg |
Volume (exluding pipes) | 3 m3 |
Plant footprint (excluding auxiliaries) | 9 m2 |
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