张卫国1,2, 唐敏1,2(
), 武杰1,2, 彭先敏2, 章贵川2, 聂博文2, 王亮权2, 李超群2
收稿日期:2024-01-08
修回日期:2024-01-26
接受日期:2024-03-21
出版日期:2024-05-15
发布日期:2024-03-29
通讯作者:
唐敏
E-mail:tangminwork2020@163.com
基金资助:
Weiguo ZHANG1,2, Min TANG1,2(
), Jie WU1,2, Xianmin PENG2, Guichuan ZHANG2, Bowen NIE2, Liangquan WANG2, Chaoqun LI2
Received:2024-01-08
Revised:2024-01-26
Accepted:2024-03-21
Online:2024-05-15
Published:2024-03-29
Contact:
Min TANG
E-mail:tangminwork2020@163.com
Supported by:摘要:
倾转旋翼机是下一代旋翼类飞行器发展的重点方向,其综合了旋翼机和固定翼飞机的优点,但也带来了更加复杂的空气动力学、结构动力学、飞行力学以及气弹耦合问题。风洞试验是认识和研究倾转旋翼机关键气动、结构和飞行问题的重要技术手段,针对国内外倾转旋翼机发展过程中的大量风洞试验进行了综合研究,给出了倾转旋翼机旋翼及其翼型、旋翼/机翼气动干扰、旋翼/机翼气弹稳定性、虚拟飞行等多种类型的试验模拟准则、设备设施、典型结果及主要结论,并结合国内倾转旋翼机的研发需求,提出了国内倾转旋翼机风洞试验技术的发展建议。
中图分类号:
张卫国, 唐敏, 武杰, 彭先敏, 章贵川, 聂博文, 王亮权, 李超群. 倾转旋翼机风洞试验综述[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(9): 530114.
Weiguo ZHANG, Min TANG, Jie WU, Xianmin PENG, Guichuan ZHANG, Bowen NIE, Liangquan WANG, Chaoqun LI. Overview of wind tunnel test research on tiltrotor aircraft[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(9): 530114.
表 3
国内外全展长倾转旋翼缩比模型试验设施[29-31]
| 试验设施 | 主要指标 | 模型主要参数 | 试验风洞 | 试验平台功能 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
FS TRAM (美国,2001年) | 模型比例:1:4; 旋翼Matip:0.59~0.63; 旋翼直径:2.9 m; 短舱倾角范围:95°~0°/5°(手动调整); 支撑形式:腹撑 | 桨毂:等速万向饺; 旋翼翼型:XN系列; 总距范围:0°~40° 桨叶数量:3片 | NFAC风洞 12 m×24 m试验段 | 获取全机气动干扰数据、流场、噪声数据等 |
ERICA (欧盟,2013年) | 模型比例:1:5; 旋翼Matip:0.49~0.63; 旋翼直径:1.48 m 短舱倾角范围:95°~0°; 支撑形式:尾撑; 旋翼最大功率:104 kW; 外侧机翼角度:90°~0° | 桨毂:无饺式; 旋翼翼型:OA系列; 总距范围:0°~60°; 桨叶数量:4片 | DNW-LLF风洞 S1MA风洞 | 获取全机气动干扰数据,整机性能指标等 |
| ∅2 m全展长倾转旋翼试验台(中国,2022年) | 模型比例:1:5.4; 旋翼Matip:0.49~0.71; 旋翼直径:2 m 短舱倾角范围:95°~0°; 支撑形式:腹撑; 旋翼最大功率:110 kW | 桨毂:等速万向饺; 旋翼翼型:NACA64系列; 总距范围:0°~60°; 桨叶数量:3片 | FL-13风洞 FL-19风洞 | 获取全机气动干扰数据,整机性能指标等 |
表 5
美国全尺寸倾转旋翼试验设施[55-57]
| 试验设施 | 试验年份 | 全机主要参数 | 风洞/场地 | 试验目的 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| XV-3全尺寸试验 | 1955—1968 | 旋翼直径:7 m 旋翼翼型:NACA0015 旋翼桨叶数量:2片 机翼翼型:NACA23021 桨毂形式:跷跷板式 | Outdoor Aerodynamic Research Facility (OARF)地面悬停; NFAC风洞 12 m×24 m试验段 | 第1次试验,验证桨毂形式,解决振动发散问题; 第2次试验,旋翼及机翼刚度验证; 第3次试验,最大飞行速度考核; 第4次试验,回转颤振及动力学分析方法验证 |
| XV-15全尺寸试验 | 1977 | 旋翼直径:7.6 m 旋翼翼型:NACA64系列 旋翼桨叶数量:3片 机翼翼型:NACA64A223 桨毂形式:万向饺式 | OARF地面悬停; NFAC风洞 12 m×24 m试验段 | 试飞前的整机地面综合验证 |
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