航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (13): 129270-129270   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29270

两级入轨航天器级间分离姿态精确控制

姜权峰1,2, 陈树生1,2(), 杨华1,2, 李祚泰1,2, 高正红1,2   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
    2.飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-05 修回日期:2023-07-24 接受日期:2023-08-11 出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2023-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈树生 E-mail:sshengchen@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(92371109);中国科协青年人才托举工程(2022QNRC001)

Precise control of interstage separation attitude of two⁃stage⁃to⁃orbit vehicle

Quanfeng JIANG1,2, Shusheng CHEN1,2(), Hua YANG1,2, Zuotai LI1,2, Zhenghong GAO1,2   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design,Xi’an 710072,China
  • Received:2023-07-05 Revised:2023-07-24 Accepted:2023-08-11 Online:2024-07-15 Published:2023-08-18
  • Contact: Shusheng CHEN E-mail:sshengchen@nwpu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(92371109);Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001)

摘要:

两级入轨航天器(TSTO)级间分离过程中对轨道级、助推级的姿态精确控制尤为重要。数值模拟可以较为准确地预测级间分离这种飞行器多体分离问题,运用非结构嵌套网格技术及双时间步法耦合流动控制方程、刚体运动方程求解TSTO在攻角-2°、马赫数6、海拔高度30 km的级间分离过程,发展了一种优化轨道级、助推级在级间分离过程的运动姿态的技术。该技术通过松弛迭代法提取轨道级、助推级的无舵偏气动力数据,基于无舵偏气动力数据设计气动舵面、燃气舵所需要提供的俯仰力矩,使得轨道级、助推级的运动姿态更加接近设计目标。数值模拟结果表明,TSTO在分离过程中两级之间会存在强烈的气动干扰,严重影响两级的姿态控制,发展的技术可为TSTO分离过程中轨道级、助推级的舵面运动、燃气舵工作状态设计提供参考,提高TSTO级间分离的效率、安全性。

关键词: 两级入轨, 多体分离, 高超声速, 嵌套网格, 松弛因子法

Abstract:

Precise attitude control of the orbiter and the booster is particularly important for the interstage separation of the Two-Stage-to-Orbit (TSTO) vehicle. Numerical simulation can accurately predict interstage separation, which is a multi-body separation problem for aircraft. We use the unstructured overset grid technique and the dual-time method to couple the fluid control equations and the rigid body motion equations to solve the interstage separation process of the TSTO at an angle of attack of -2°, Mach number 6, and an altitude of 30 km, and develop a technique to optimise the attitude of the orbiter and the booster during the interstage separation process. The technique obtains the aerodynamic data of the orbiter and the booster without rudder deflection angle with the relaxation iteration method and, based on these data, designs the pitching moments to be provided by the aerodynamic and gas rudders to bring the kinematic attitudes of the orbiter and the booster closer to the design target. The numerical simulation results show that strong aerodynamic interference will exist between the two stages of the TSTO during the separation process, seriously affecting the attitude control of the two stages. The technology developed can provide a reference for the design of the aerodynamic rudder motion and gas rudder operating state of the orbiter and the booster during the separation process of the TSTO, so as to improve the efficiency and safety of the interstage separation of the TSTO.

Key words: two-stage-to-orbit, multibody separation, hypersonic, overset grid, relaxation factor metho

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