基于能量耗散率的低速扩压叶栅损失研究

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2015.0134

流体力学与飞行力学

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基于能量耗散率的低速扩压叶栅损失研究

田思濛^1,2, 吴云^1,2, 张海灯³, 李应红¹, 李军¹

1. 空军工程大学航空航天工程学院, 西安 710038;
2. 西安交通大学航空航天学院, 西安 710091;
3. 北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院, 北京 100191

收稿日期:2014-11-05 修回日期:2015-05-14 出版日期:2015-10-15 发布日期:2015-06-30
通讯作者: 吴云, Tel.: 029-84787527 E-mail: wuyun1223@126.com E-mail:wuyun1223@126.com
作者简介:田思濛男, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向: 轴流压气机内部流动及其等离子体流动控制。 E-mail: simoncale@163.com;吴云男, 副教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向: 等离子体流动控制。 Tel: 029-84787527 E-mail: wuyun1223@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金 (51207169, 51276797)

Energy loss in a low-speed compressor cascade with dissipation function

TIAN Simeng^1,2, WU Yun^1,2, ZHANG Haideng³, LI Yinghong¹, LI Jun¹

1. College of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710038, China;
2. College of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710091, China;
3. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2014-11-05 Revised:2015-05-14 Online:2015-10-15 Published:2015-06-30
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51207169, 51276797)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对无化学反应和热流输入的叶栅有黏不可压流模型,推导出能量耗散率的组分分解式,根据叶栅流场仿真结果进行分析简化,得到由轴向涡量、轴向阻力和剪切力组成的能量耗散率分解式。结合总压损失,分析了耗散各组分在前缘损失、叶表损失和通道损失中的主导因素:轴向涡量项反映旋涡结构,在通道损失中占主要部分,集中在通道涡和分离面附近;轴向阻力项反映扩压和叶表边界层转折造成的流动损失,在前缘损失和叶表损失中占主要部分,集中在叶栅前部的叶表边界层和主流区;剪切力项反映轴向截面速度不均匀性,在叶栅后部的叶表损失和通道损失中占主要部分,集中在叶表、端壁边界层和分离面附近。旋涡结构和耗散各组分分布特征揭示了叶栅通道中旋涡结构与能量耗散之间的分布关系,分离区并不是主要能量耗散区,高能量耗散区主要分布在叶表边界层(叶栅前部由轴向阻力项主导,后部由剪切力项中的υ(∂V_x/∂y)²项主导)、分离面附近(受剪切力项中的υ(∂V_x/∂y)²项和轴向涡量项影响)。大攻角情况下,叶栅通道损失显著增加,正攻角促使轴向涡量项的增长点提前,负攻角则使得叶表边界层的速度剪切加剧。

关键词: 低速扩压叶栅, 能量耗散率, 总压损失, 旋涡结构, 攻角特性

Abstract:

A viscous incompressible flow model in compressor cascade is set up without chemical reaction and heat input. Each of these components is resolved from the energy dissipation function with the derivation of the formula and simplified according to the simulation result in compressor cascade. These main factors are summarized as streamwise-vorticity item, axial resistance and shear force. Then, the axial characteristic of each component of the energy dissipation function is discussed in leading-edge loss, profile loss and passage loss with total pressure loss efficient. The streamwise-vorticity item, as the primary factor in passage loss to reflect the vortex structure in cascade, is concentrated near the passage vortex and separation surface. The axial resistance is concentrated on the boundary layer in the front of cascade passage, which is the key factor in leading-edge loss and profile loss to reflect the flow loss in diffusion and turning of boundary layer. The shear force item is concentrated on the separation surface and the boundary layer near the suction surface and endwall, which is the key factor in passage loss and profile loss to reflect the inhomogeneity of velocity. The relation between vortex structure and the energy dissipation is investigated with the distribution characteristic. One large dissipation zone is also found between main flow and corner separation region, which is influenced by υ(∂V_x/∂y)² and the streamwise-vorticity item. Another is developed because of boundary layer near blades, which is influenced by flow resistance at the front part and υ(∂V_x/∂y)² in the rear part. Governing factors on each axial plane are found while the key factor to energy dissipation is the shear item. The passage loss is significantly increased with high angle of attack, while the induction of streamwise-vorticity item is earlier in positive incidence and the shear force in boundary layer is higher in negative incidence.

Key words: low-speed compressor cascade, energy dissipation rate, total pressure loss, vortex structure, angle of attack characteristic

中图分类号:

V211.24

田思濛, 吴云, 张海灯, 李应红, 李军. 基于能量耗散率的低速扩压叶栅损失研究[J]. 航空学报, 2015, 36(10): 3249-3262.

TIAN Simeng, WU Yun, ZHANG Haideng, LI Yinghong, LI Jun. Energy loss in a low-speed compressor cascade with dissipation function[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2015, 36(10): 3249-3262.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

基于能量耗散率的低速扩压叶栅损失研究

Energy loss in a low-speed compressor cascade with dissipation function

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