涡轮间隙泄漏涡破碎对损失的影响

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0465

流体力学与飞行力学

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涡轮间隙泄漏涡破碎对损失的影响

高杰¹, 郑群¹, 许天帮², 张正一¹

1. 哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150001;
2. 中国船舶重工集团公司第703研究所, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150078

收稿日期:2013-07-01 修回日期:2013-11-11 出版日期:2014-05-25 发布日期:2013-11-26
通讯作者: 郑群，Tel.：0451-82518116 E-mail：zhengqun@hrbeu.edu.cn E-mail:zhengqun@hrbeu.edu.cn
作者简介:高杰男，博士研究生。主要研究方向：叶轮机械气动热力学。E-mail：gaojie_d@hrbeu.edu.cn；郑群男，博士，教授，博士生导师。主要研究方向：叶轮机械气动热力学。Tel：0451-82518116E-mail：zhengqun@hrbeu.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金（HEUCF130310）

Effect of Tip Leakage Vortex Breakdown on Losses in Turbines

GAO Jie¹, ZHENG Qun¹, XU Tianbang², ZHANG Zhengyi¹

1. College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
2. The 703 Research Institute of CSIC, Harbin 150078, China

Received:2013-07-01 Revised:2013-11-11 Online:2014-05-25 Published:2013-11-26
Supported by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HEUCF130310)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用数值方法联合标准k-ω两方程湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程组，研究了不同间隙高度下GE-E³（Energy Efficient Engine）涡轮第一级动叶顶部间隙泄漏涡（TLV）的破碎特性及其对泄漏损失的影响。首先描述了泄漏涡的破碎现象，并对其动力学特性进行了理论分析，接着研究了间隙高度对泄漏涡结构及破碎特性的影响，最后对泄漏涡破碎与损失的关系进行了探讨。研究结果表明：涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏涡具有不稳定特性，当泄漏涡具有足够的强度可以克服通道涡卷吸形成完整涡结构时，在叶片后半部分逆压区发生了涡破碎现象，带来了额外的涡破碎损失；间隙高度对泄漏涡破碎位置的影响比较明显，在大间隙下泄漏涡趋于相对稳定；叶顶泄漏流产生的掺混损失以泄漏涡的破碎为标志分为两个阶段，大量的掺混损失发生在泄漏涡破碎之后，这也是叶顶泄漏流产生损失的主要部分。

关键词: 涡轮, 叶顶泄漏流, 旋涡破碎, 间隙高度, 气动损失

Abstract:

Numerical investigation is performed to simulate the tip leakage vortex (TLV) breakdown characteristics and its effect on leakage losses in the first-stage rotor blade of GE-E³ (Energy Efficient Engine) turbines at various tip clearances, by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations in conjunction with a standard k-ω two-equation turbulence model. The tip leakage vortex breakdown phenomenon and its dynamics are analyzed; so are the effects of tip clearance height on the tip leakage vortex structure and the vortex breakdown characteristics. Furthermore, the relationship between the tip leakage vortex breakdown and losses is investigated. Numerical results show that the turbine tip leakage vortex is unstable. When the tip leakage vortex has sufficient strength to overcome the entrainment of the tip passage vortex, and forms a complete vortex structure, the tip leakage vortex breakdown is initiated in the adverse-pressure region of the second half of the rotor blade, which leads to extra vortex breakdown losses. The tip clearance height has a great impact on the vortex breakdown location, and the tip leakage vortex tends to be relatively stable at large tip clearances. The tip mixing losses are divided into two stages marked by the tip leakage vortex breakdown. A lot of mixing losses occur after the tip leakage vortex breakdown, which is the main part of the tip mixing losses.

Key words: turbine, tip leakage flow, vortex breakdown, tip clearance height, aerodynamic loss

中图分类号:

V231.3

高杰, 郑群, 许天帮, 张正一. 涡轮间隙泄漏涡破碎对损失的影响[J]. 航空学报, 2014, 35(5): 1257-1264.

GAO Jie, ZHENG Qun, XU Tianbang, ZHANG Zhengyi. Effect of Tip Leakage Vortex Breakdown on Losses in Turbines[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2014, 35(5): 1257-1264.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

涡轮间隙泄漏涡破碎对损失的影响

Effect of Tip Leakage Vortex Breakdown on Losses in Turbines

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