航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (23): 629016-629016   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29016

可重复使用运载火箭技术专栏

基于模型的液体火箭发动机故障诊断技术回顾与展望

陈泽灏, 陈晖(), 高玉闪, 张航   

  1. 西安航天动力研究所,西安  710100
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-18 修回日期:2023-06-04 接受日期:2023-07-03 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-07-14
  • 通讯作者: 陈晖 E-mail:chenhui2013abc@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项

Review and prospect of model-based fault diagnosis technology for liquid rocket engines

Zehao CHEN, Hui CHEN(), Yushan GAO, Hang ZHANG   

  1. Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi’an  710100,China
  • Received:2023-05-18 Revised:2023-06-04 Accepted:2023-07-03 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-07-14
  • Contact: Hui CHEN E-mail:chenhui2013abc@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Science and Technology Major Project

摘要:

可重复使用液体火箭发动机技术是我国未来航天事业的关键发展方向,而故障诊断能力则是其安全运行的重要保障。由于液体火箭发动机系统结构复杂、工作环境恶劣,且在可重复使用情景下具有多次起动和大范围推力调节的特点,同时存在故障模式众多、机理分析困难和缺乏足够故障数据的问题,其故障诊断研究面临众多挑战。基于模型的故障诊断方法覆盖故障模式范围广、计算过程清晰,不依赖故障数据和专家知识支持,在现有条件下具有较高的工程应用价值。因此,本文从基于模型进行故障仿真、基于解析模型和基于经验模型实现液体火箭发动机系统级故障诊断3个方面对该领域的发展过程与研究成果进行回顾整理,总结目前存在的不足和挑战,并对其下一步的发展趋势进行展望。

关键词: 液体火箭发动机, 故障诊断, 故障仿真, 解析模型, 经验模型

Abstract:

The reusable liquid rocket engine is a key development direction of the future aerospace industry, and fault diagnosis capability is an important guarantee for its safe operation. Due to complex structure and harsh working conditions of the liquid rocket engine, its characteristics of multiple start-ups and wide-range thrust regulation in the reusable scenario, as well as diversity of failure modes, difficulty in fault mechanism analysis and lack of failure data, fault diagnosis research is facing many challenges. The model-based fault diagnosis method can cover failure modes comprehensively, operate with a clear process, and does not rely on fault data and expert knowledge support, exhibiting high engineering application value under current conditions. Therefore, this paper reviews the development and research of this domain in three aspects: model-based fault simulation, analytical model-based and empirical model-based fault diagnosis of liquid rocket engines on the system level. After a summary of its weaknesses and challenges, this paper makes prospect on the development trends of this technology.

Key words: liquid rocket engine, fault diagnosis, fault simulation, analytical model, empirical model

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