航空学报 > 2022, Vol. 43 Issue (2): 625111-625111   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25111

2A12-T4铝合金自冲摩擦铆焊接头力学行为研究

杨炳鑫1, 马运五1, 山河1, 杨天豪2, 孙靖2, 李永兵1   

  1. 1. 上海交通大学 机械与动力工程学院, 上海 200240;
    2. 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司, 上海 200245
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-16 修回日期:2020-12-25 发布日期:2021-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 李永兵 E-mail:yongbinglee@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52025058,51805323);装备发展部领域基金(61409230511)

Mechanical performance of friction self-piercing riveted joint for 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy

YANG Bingxin1, MA Yunwu1, SHAN He1, YANG Tianhao2, SUN Jing2, LI Yongbing1   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
    2. Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacturer Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200245, China
  • Received:2020-12-16 Revised:2020-12-25 Published:2021-01-21
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025058, 51805323); Field Fund of Equipment Development Department(61409230511)

摘要: 针对干涉配合铆接中预制孔工序带来的连接效率等问题,采用自冲摩擦铆焊(F-SPR)工艺,通过半空心铆钉高速旋转产生摩擦热软化铝合金,在无预制孔条件下获得机械-固相复合连接接头。根据接头成形质量确定F-SPR工艺合适的转换深度,分析了典型接头的微观组织特征,研究了进给速度对接头宏观形貌、硬度分布及力学性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,转换深度为3.5 mm时可消除多余物、间隙、张开不足及裂纹等缺陷,实现铆钉与板材紧密连接;进给速度主要通过影响接头中母材硬度,进而影响接头拉剪及正拉力学行为。F-SPR工艺接头的拉剪强度约为2A12-T4铝合金母材抗拉强度的80%,相比于电磁铆接及自动压铆工艺具有较大优势。

关键词: 自冲摩擦铆焊, 机械-固相复合连接, 2A12铝合金, 力学性能, 拉剪, 十字拉伸

Abstract: To solve the problem of low joining efficiency caused by the prefabricated hole process in interference fit riveting, the friction self-piercing riveting (F-SPR) process is adopted. By using the friction heat generated from high-speed rotation of the semi-hollow rivet for material softening, a mechanical-solid state hybrid joint is achieved without prefabricated holes. Firstly, an appropriate conversion depth of the F-SPR process is determined according to joint forming quality. Then, the microstructure characteristics of typical joints are analyzed, and the influence of feed rate on the macro morphology, hardness distribution as well as joint mechanical properties are studied. The results show that when the conversion depth is 3.5 mm, the defects such as burrs, gaps, insufficient flaring, and cracks can be effectively eliminated. After the F-SPR process, the rivet and the sheets achieved tight connection. The feed rate mainly affected the hardness of the base material in the joint, and then the tensile-shear and cross-tension strength of the joint. The tensile-shear strength of the F-SPR joint can reach about 80% of the tensile strength of the 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy material, showing that the F-SPR joint has great advantages over the joints made by the electromagnetic riveting and the automatic pressure riveting processes.

Key words: friction self-piercing riveting (F-SPR), mechanical-solid state hybrid joining, 2A12 aluminum alloy, mechanical property, tensile-shear, cross-tension

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