机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化与评价方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24258

电子电气工程与控制

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机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化与评价方法

何锋, 李二帅, 周璇, 李浩若, 龚子杰

北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院, 北京 100191

收稿日期:2020-05-21 修回日期:2020-08-11 发布日期:2020-09-24
通讯作者: 周璇 E-mail:lomoo@buaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（62071023）；国防基金（2019-JJ-246）

Design optimization and evaluation method for time-triggered communication scheduling in airborne networks

HE Feng, LI Ershuai, ZHOU Xuan, LI Haoruo, GONG Zijie

School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2020-05-21 Revised:2020-08-11 Published:2020-09-24
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071023);National Defense Foundation(2019-JJ-246)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 机载网络是航空电子系统实现信息传输与功能综合的关键组成，引入时间触发（TT）机制并安排合理通信调度可以有效保证机载网络实时可靠通信，但需要首先面对多种调度设计方法的选择问题。在总结了时间触发通信过程与特征的基础上，以时间触发以太网为分析对象，给出了基于可满足性模理论（SMT）、混合整数规划（MIP）和启发式算法等不同约束引导下的调度模型，并形成了基于强化学习（RL）的调度方法；从调度设计的求解能力与性能保障角度出发，建立了包括求解时间、可求解规模、传输延迟和调度模式的评价指标。以工业规模网络为研究案例对不同调度方法进行了验证分析，在评价指标的引导下对比分析了各种方法的适用场景，其中SMT方法可支持小规模案例，MIP方法具有明显的TT消息传输和调度求解运算优势，以遗传算法为典型的启发式方法和RL方法可实现大规模案例调度，虽然其TT延迟略高于MIP方法，但速率约束消息延迟优化程度分别达到7.97%和12.35%。在此基础上，进一步探讨了未来航电系统机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化技术的发展趋势。

关键词: 航空电子系统, 机载网络, 时间触发, 通信调度, 评价指标

Abstract: The airborne network is an important component in the avionics system to realize information transmission and function integration. The introduction of the Time-Triggered (TT) mechanism and the arrangement of reasonable communication scheduling can effectively ensure the real-time and reliable communication of airborne networks; however, the problem of selection from multiple scheduling design methods needs to be solved first. Based on a summary of time-triggered communication processes and characteristics, taking the Time-Triggered Ethernet as the analysis object, we present scheduling models guided by different constraints on the basis of the Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT), Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) and heuristic algorithm, and further form a scheduling method based on Reinforcement Learning (RL). From the perspective of solving ability and performance guarantee of the scheduling design, evaluation indexes including the solving time, solvable scale, transmission delay and scheduling modes are established. With an industrial scale network as a study case and the evaluation indexes as an analysis instructor, different scheduling methods are verified and compared to search for appropriate application scenarios. Results show that the SMT method can support small-scale cases, while the MIP method has obvious advantages in TT traffic transmission and schedule solving capability. The heuristic method typical of the genetic algorithm and the RL method can support large-scale cases. Despite their slightly higher TT delay than that of the MIP method, their rate-constrained delay is significantly optimized by 7.97% and 12.35%, respectively. The future development trend of the time-triggered communication scheduling design optimization technology in avionics system airborne networks is also discussed.

Key words: avionics systems, airborne networks, time-triggered, communication scheduling, evaluation indicators

中图分类号:

V247
TP393

何锋, 李二帅, 周璇, 李浩若, 龚子杰. 机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化与评价方法[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(7): 324258-324258.

HE Feng, LI Ershuai, ZHOU Xuan, LI Haoruo, GONG Zijie. Design optimization and evaluation method for time-triggered communication scheduling in airborne networks[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2021, 42(7): 324258-324258.

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机载网络时间触发通信调度设计优化与评价方法

Design optimization and evaluation method for time-triggered communication scheduling in airborne networks

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