地效状态旋翼-机翼气动干扰特性及尾迹演化

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32620

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the aerodynamic interference characteristics between rotor and wing of the tiltrotor aircraft in ground effect， a high-resolution flow field simulation framework was established based on the overset grid technique， third-order MUSCL/CD scheme and RANS/LES（Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes/Large Eddy Simulation） hybrid method. This study focuses on the variations in aerodynamic characteristics of the rotor-wing with different heights above the ground. Results demonstrate that the presence of the ground and wing inhibits the development of rotor downwash， significantly altering the wake evolution process. The radial position of tip vortices exhibits an initial contraction followed by expansion， while the axial migration rate decreases. Furthermore， the helical motion of the blade tip vortices is characterized by phenomena including breakup， pairing and merging. Rotor thrust increases and wing downwash load decreases as ground height decreases. In comparison with the condition without ground effect， rotor thrust and figure of merit increase by up to 6.20% and 8.40% respectively， while wing downwash load drops by 59.05%. A computational method for Lagrangian Coherent Structures （LCS） was developed based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta time integration method and the fourth-order central difference scheme to investigate the evolution of vortical structures in near-ground flow fields. By computing finite-time Lyapunov exponent fields at different instants， the spatiotemporal evolution of the vortex structures in the rotor-wing flow field under the ground effect was clarified. This revealed the physical mechanism by which recirculating structures maintain stability through continuous transport of fluid parcels， as well as the flow mechanism leading to reduced aerodynamic forces in the blade tip region due to downwash effects.

Key words: tiltrotor aircraft, ground effect, RANS/LES hybrid method, Lagrangian coherent structures, wake

CLC Number:

V211.52

Cong ZENG, Yangyang ZENG, Simeng JING, Guoqing ZHAO, Qijun ZHAO. Aerodynamic interference characteristics and wake evolution of rotor-wing in ground effect[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(8): 132620.

Figures/Tables 27

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参数	数值
桨叶半径/m	1.105
桨叶根切/m	0.425
桨叶片数	4
桨叶翼型	NPL9615
桨叶弦长/m	0.18
负扭转/（°）	0
桨距θ_0.7/（°）	15
转速/（rad·s^-1）	172.3
离地高度/m	0.574 6

参数	数值
桨叶半径/m	1.65
桨叶根切/m	0.297
桨叶片数	3
转速/（rad·s^-1）	136
桨距θ_0.7/（°）	10
桨叶负扭转/（°）	35
机翼展长/m	4.74
机翼安装角/（°）	2
桨叶翼型	OA系列
旋翼-机翼垂直间距/m	0.66

Aerodynamic interference characteristics and wake evolution of rotor-wing in ground effect

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