有人/无人机协同作战效能智能评估方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32887

Abstract

Abstract:

With the increasing intelligence， informatization， and systematization of modern warfare， future operations demand real-time combat effectiveness evaluation and efficient decision-making. To address the effectiveness evaluation problem in Manned Aerial Vehicle （MAV）/Unmanned Aerial Vehicle （UAV） cooperative air-to-ground combat， an intelligent assessment method based on combat simulation deduction and artificial neural networks is proposed. Supported by the simulation deduction system， evaluation data are obtained through constructing a combat effectiveness evaluation index system， designing simulation deduction processes， and synthesizing evaluation results. BP neural network is employed to train the data and verify the training effectiveness. Case analysis is used to validate the feasibility of the method， while sensitivity analysis investigates key indicators of various schemes and their impacts. The proposed method provides technical references for effectiveness evaluation of MAV/UAV cooperative combat， equipment improvement research， and rapid operational decision-making.

Key words: MAV/UAV cooperative combat, simulation deduction, effectiveness evaluation, BP neural network, sensitivity analysis

CLC Number:

Zijun ZHAO, Shitao CHEN, Weiyan HE, Longhao LIU, Zhenghao ZHANG. Intelligent assessment method for MAV/UAV collaborative combat effectiveness[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(S1): 732887.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Table 2

Symbols and meanings reference table

符号	含义	符号	含义
$T T h r e s h o l d$	任务完成时间	$w T$	$T$ 权重
$L T h r e s h o l d$	损伤率	$w L$	$L$ 权重
$A T h r e s h o l d$	弹药消耗率	$w A$	$A$ 权重
$D T h r e s h o l d$	目标毁伤率	$w D$	$D$ 权重
$S T h r e s h o l d$	关键节点存活率	$w S$	$S$ 权重
$T$	$T T h r e s h o l d$ 归一化	$n e t j l$	神经网络输入
$L$	$L T h r e s h o l d$ 归一化	$h j l$	神经网络输出
$A$	$A T h r e s h o l d$ 归一化	MSE	均方误差
$D$	$D T h r e s h o l d$ 归一化	MAPE	平均百分比误差
$S$	$S T h r e s h o l d$ 归一化	$R 2$	拟合优度

Table 2

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Table 3

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

References 20

[1]	张宏宏，李文华，郑家毅，等. 有人/无人机协同作战：概念、技术与挑战［J］. 航空学报， 2024， 45（15）： 160-186.
	ZHANG H H， LI W H， ZHENG J Y， et al. Manned/unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative combat system： Concepts， technologies， and challenges［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2024， 45（15）： 160-186 （in Chinese）.
[2]	熊威，张栋，任智，等. 面向有人/无人机协同打击的智能决策方法研究［J］. 系统工程与电子技术， 2025， 47（4）： 1285-1299.
	XIONG W， ZHANG D， REN Z， et al. Research on intelligent decision-making methods for coordinated attack by manned aerial vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles［J］. Systems Engineering and Electronics， 2025， 47（4）： 1285-1299 （in Chinese）.
[3]	王晓悦，王珣，王永贞，等. 基于仿真的蜂群体系对抗效能评估方法［J］. 航空学报， 2022， 43（）： 110-118.
	WANG X Y， WANG X， WANG Y Z， et al. Evaluation method for combat effectiveness of task-based simulated UAV swarm system［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2022， 43（Sup 1）： 110-118 （in Chinese）.
[4]	杨松，王维平，李小波，等. 无人集群体系设计与仿真评估方法［J］. 国防科技大学学报， 2024， 46（3）： 126-136.
	YANG S， WANG W P， LI X B， et al. Design， simulation and evaluation method for unmanned swarm system-of-system［J］. Journal of National University of Defense Technology， 2024， 46（3）： 126-136 （in Chinese）.
[5]	魏武臣，徐硕，何晓夫，等. 基于作战仿真推演的空-地制导弹药效能评估［J］. 兵工学报， 2022， 43（）： 107-114.
	WEI W C， XU S， HE X F， et al. Effectiveness evaluation of air-ground guided ammunition based on combat simulation［J］. Acta Armamentarii， 2022， 43（Sup 1）： 107-114 （in Chinese）.
[6]	胡杰，陈化良，刘亮，等. 无人机蜂群作战效能评估研究［J］. 火力与指挥控制， 2022， 47（4）： 164-168.
	HU J， CHEN H L， LIU L， et al. Research on operational effectiveness evaluation of UAV swarm［J］. Fire Control & Command Control， 2022， 47（4）： 164-168 （in Chinese）.
[7]	ZHAO J， PAN J F， QIU R S. Effectiveness evaluation of smart equipment support information system based on Entropy-Revised G1 method［J］. Journal of Physics： Conference Series， 2021（1）： 012124.
[8]	常会振，秦大国，孙盛智，等. 基于ADC模型优化的海上无人机作战效能评估［J］. 兵器装备工程学报， 2023， 44（9）： 58-68.
	CHANG H Z， QIN D G， SUN S Z， et al. Operational effectiveness evaluation of marine unmanned aerial vehicle based on ADC model optimization［J］. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering， 2023， 44（9）： 58-68 （in Chinese）.
[9]	刘登攀，寇昆湖，王超，等. 基于改进ADC法的侦察无人机作战效能评估［J］. 电光与控制， 2024， 31（4）： 121-127.
	LIU D P， KOU K H， WANG C， et al. Operational effectiveness assessment of reconnaissance UAS based on improved ADC method［J］. Electronics Optics & Control， 2024， 31（4）： 121-127 （in Chinese）.
[10]	LIANG Q W， LUO M Y， WANG Y D， et al. Multi-attacks effectiveness evaluation of UUV based on wake guidance［J］. Ocean Engineering， 2022， 266： 112654.
[11]	邓力源，杨萍，刘卫东，等. 基于证据理论层次分析法的云贝叶斯网络在预警雷达毁伤效果评估中的应用［J］. 兵工学报， 2022， 43（4）： 814-825.
	DENG L Y， YANG P， LIU W D， et al. Application in damage effect evaluation of early warning radar of cloudy Bayesian network based on dempster-shafer/analytic hierarchy process method［J］. Acta Armamentarii， 2022， 43（4）： 814-825 （in Chinese）.
[12]	孔刚鹏. 基于AHP-模糊综合评定的炮兵连作战试验能力评价方法研究［J］. 兵工自动化， 2024， 43（11）： 52-56.
	KONG G P. Research on evaluation method of artillery company operational test capability based on AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation［J］. Ordnance Industry Automation， 2024， 43（11）： 52-56 （in Chinese）.
[13]	袁彰求，杨朝旭，荣海军. 面向定性与定量指标的轻量化高空飞艇效能评估方法［J］. 系统工程与电子技术， 2025， 47（3）： 817-826.
	YUAN Z Q， YANG Z X， RONG H J. Lightweight effectiveness evaluation method for high altitude airships for both qualitative and quantitative indicators［J］. Systems Engineering and Electronics， 2025， 47（3）： 817-826 （in Chinese）.
[14]	高俊吉，王司霖，朱雪莲. 舰艇磁性对抗能力综合评估模型［J］. 哈尔滨工程大学学报， 2024， 45（8）： 1559-1563.
	GAO J J， WANG S L， ZHU X L. Comprehensive evaluation model for the magnetic confrontation capability of ships［J］. Journal of Harbin Engineering University， 2024， 45（8）： 1559-1563 （in Chinese）.
[15]	王光源，李浩民，祝大程，等. 基于熵权法-灰色关联法的海面目标威胁度评估［J］. 指挥控制与仿真， 2023， 45（4）： 57-61.
	WANG G Y， LI H M， ZHU D C， et al. Threat evaluation of targets at sea based on entropy weight-grey correlation method［J］. Command Control & Simulation， 2023， 45（4）： 57-61 （in Chinese）.
[16]	WANG X Y， YANG Z， CHAI S Y， et al. Integrated threat assessment method of beyond-visual-range air combat［J］. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics， 2025， 36（1）： 176-193.
[17]	邵明军，刘树光，严惊涛. 基于ADC-BP模型的对地攻击无人机自主作战效能评估［J］. 空军工程大学学报， 2023， 24（6）： 112-119.
	SHAO M J， LIU S G， YAN J T. Assessment of autonomous combat effectiveness of ground-attack UAV based on ADC-BP model［J］. Journal of Air Force Engineering University， 2023， 24（6）： 112-119 （in Chinese）.
[18]	尹浩，魏急波，赵海涛，等. 面向有人/无人协同的智能通信与组网关键技术：现状与趋势［J］. 通信学报， 2024， 45（1）： 1-17.
	YIN H， WEI J B， ZHAO H T， et al. Intelligent communication and networking key technologies for manned/unmanned cooperation： states-of-the-art and trends［J］. Journal on Communications， 2024， 45（1）： 1-17 （in Chinese）.
[19]	徐向前，豆亚杰，钱立炜，等. 作战体系能力需求敏捷开发方法研究［J］. 系统工程与电子技术， 2023， 45（10）： 3139-3148.
	XU X Q， DOU Y J， QIAN L W， et al. Research on agile development method-of-combat system-of-systems capability requirements［J］. Systems Engineering and Electronics， 2023， 45（10）： 3139-3148 （in Chinese）.
[20]	WANG S， DU Y H， ZHAO S J， et al. Research on the construction of weaponry indicator system and intelligent evaluation methods［J］. Scientific Reports， 2023， 13： 19370.

参数类别	具体参数	设定值
有人/无人机作战能力指标值	根据评估指标体系进行设置	根据方案设置
有人机初始状态	初始高度，速度，姿态等	8 km，650 km/h，水平平飞
无人机初始状态	初始高度，速度，姿态等	7 km（攻击型）、9 km（侦察/干扰型），450 km/h，跟随编队姿态
战场环境	气象条件	晴天，能见度≥15 km
	电磁环境	中等干扰强度
	地形类型	平原
仿真推演参数	仿真步长	1 s
	蒙特卡洛次数	10
	仿真时长	单次≤1 200 s

一级指标	二级指标	三级指标	类型	方案1	方案2	方案3	方案4	方案5
A1	B1	C1	+	340	510	630	550	500
		C2	+	8 700	10 400	9 400	7 200	7 800
		C3	+	1 500	1 400	1 600	1 400	1 500
		C4	+	25	23	20	24	20
	B2	C5	+	0.47	0.76	0.71	0.56	0.61
	B2	C6	+	0.58	0.78	0.53	0.61	0.64
A2	B3	C7	+	85	104	80	125	106
		C8	+	7.3	15.8	12.7	17.6	10.0
		C9	-	2.3	4.5	4.1	3.2	5.8
	B4	C10	+	2.0	3.0	3.4	1.8	4.6
	B4	C11	+	6.5	6.8	3.9	6.3	4.4
A3	B5	C12	+	70	85	90	75	75
	B5	C13	+	3 800	1 600	4 400	3 400	2 300
	B6	C14	+	160	230	210	230	160
	B6	C15	+	220	200	250	200	250
A4	B7	C16	+	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.7
		C17	+	3.5	2.0	3.0	2.7	2.1
		C18	+	6.2	7.2	5.7	5.5	5.0
	B8	C19	-	45	41	43	46	37
		C20	-	1.6	1.3	2.9	1.6	1.6
		C21	+	130	132	100	160	150
A5	B9	C22	+	5	3	2	5	4
	B9	C23	+	2.2	3.8	2.6	4.0	3.0
	B10	C24	+	0.50	0.52	0.60	0.70	0.50
		C25	+	0.50	0.53	0.65	0.40	0.50
		C26	+	0.55	0.50	0.60	0.65	0.65

Intelligent assessment method for MAV/UAV collaborative combat effectiveness

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 13

References 20

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Haolei MOU, Jia ZHANG, Zhenyu FENG, Chunyu BAI. Prediction of axial crushing response for CFRP thin-walled C-columns based on WOA-BP-LSTM autoencoder [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(4): 232349-232349.
[2]	Lixiong ZHENG, Zhe CHEN, Xin WANG, Qijun ZHAO. Prediction of whirl flutter boundary for tiltrotor aircraft based on BPNN with adaptive data [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(S1): 732159-732159.
[3]	Zhouwei FAN, Chuihuan KONG, Ming LIU, Zhaoguang TAN. Sensitivity analysis on key parameters of hybrid hydrogen fuel cell commercial aircraft [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(9): 631066-631066.
[4]	Yuqian ZHANG, Yongge LI, Xiaochuan LIU, Yong XU. Digital-twin-driven reliability domain analysis for aircraft landing gear systems [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(24): 632256-632256.
[5]	Yubin LU, Xiaohua NIE, Zhen WU. A residual stiffness prediction approach for carbon fiber reinforced composite materials based on interpretable machine learning algorithms [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(21): 532249-532249.
[6]	Shanyue GUAN, Zhengyu TIAN, Wenjia XIE, Qianyue FU, Yuhang CHU, Jiajun ZHU. Analysis of plasma chemical reactions of hypersonic reentry blunt in flight corridor [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(18): 131735-131735.
[7]	Yongxin SHI, Kuo TIAN, Bo WANG. Topology optimization of aerospace axisymmetric structures based on bidirectional density function [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(S1): 730585-730585.
[8]	Changhao LIU, Yihua CAO, Xiaomeng MEI, Maosheng WANG, Guanglin ZHANG. Transport effectiveness evaluation of high⁃speed helicopters [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(9): 530182-530182.
[9]	Hailang SONG, Jiandong ZHANG, Guoqing SHI, Qiming YANG, Yaozhong ZHANG. Comprehensive evaluation techniques and methods for flight test of avionics fire control system [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 529687-529687.
[10]	Fei MA, Qiong ZHANG, Peijun LAI, Yidi YUE. BP neural network⁃based quantitative classification model for safety in experimental flight training [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 529957-529957.
[11]	Le JIANG, Yibiao CHEN, Yanjun LI, Guilin LI, Tao LIU. Flow and separation characteristics of pressurized centrifugal separator for aero⁃engine [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(2): 128675-128675.
[12]	Tianyuan JI, Wuli CHU, Haoguang ZHANG, Zhengtao GUO, Dejun MENG. Effect of data-driven twist deviation on compressor performance [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(19): 629938-629938.
[13]	Ming HUANG, Kaiyuan ZHANG, Zhigang LI, Jun LI. Uncertainty quantification of aerothermal performance of squealer tip with film cooling structure [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(19): 629979-629979.
[14]	Qingfa LUO, Qin YU, Gang LI, Dong WANG. Layout optimization of control sensors in environmental vibration test [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(18): 0-229843-.
[15]	Honghong ZHANG, Wenhua LI, Jiayi ZHENG, Hongbin LIU, Peng ZHANG, Peng GAO, Xusheng GAN. Manned/unmanned aerial vehicle cooperative combat system: Concepts, technologies, and challenges [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(15): 29653-029653.