基于极化气象雷达的空飘气球检测方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30188

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years， the emergence of anomalous aerial situations induced by air balloons has posed significant threats to national security， airspace security， and civil aviation safety. Air balloons， characterized by their composition of medium materials and smooth surface， elude conventional radar detection. To address the inadequacy of current methods in detecting air balloons at airports and similar facilities， this study proposes a novel detection approach based on polarimetric fusion utilizing the coherent pulse compression ratio. The coherent pulse compression ratio of air balloon targets is leveraged to discern and filter out ground clutter. Then， polarization fusion processing is conducted to reduce false alarms， and further refinement is made using morphological image analysis to eliminate spurious targets. Results of processing real-world air balloon data collected by dual-polarization weather radar shows that this method demonstrates effective detection and reduced background clutter and RF interference false alarms. The proposed approach， considering the scattering characteristics of air balloons， exhibits a performance enhancement of 3.2 dB over conventional methods. Notably， it equips existing polarimetric weather radar systems with air balloon detection and early warning capabilities without compromising their current operational functionalities. With its computational efficiency and practical implementation feasibility， this method holds promise for wide-spread integration into existing polarimetric weather radar systems.

Key words: polarization, weather radar, air balloon, coherence pulse correction ratio, ground clutter

CLC Number:

Jiankai HUANG, Jiapeng YIN, Mengyun AN, Chen PANG, Yongzhen LI, Xuesong WANG. Detection of air balloon with polarimetric weather radar[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(14): 630188.

Figures/Tables 18

Table 1

Average RCS values of air balloon in different bands

波段	频率/GHz	RCS均值/m²
L	1.3	$4.461 8 × 10 - 5$
S	3.0	$3.087 8 × 10 - 4$
C	5.7	$6.181 9 × 10 - 4$
X	9.5	$9.852 2 × 10 - 4$
Ku	13.95	$1.600 0 × 10 - 3$

Table 1

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参数	指标	参数	指标
雷达类型	脉冲多普勒	天线增益/dB	43
发射机类型	固态	CPI脉冲数	64
极化类型	STSR模式	脉宽/μs	1
中心频率/GHz	9.3	重频/kHz	1
发射功率/W	200	扫描角/（°）	方位0~360
信号样式	矩形波	采样距离/m	75
波束宽度/（°）	1	扫描周期/（圈·min^-1）	1

目标序号	方位编号	方位角/（°）	距离库	距离/km
1	240	312	34	2.55
2	40	206	50	3.75
3	230	307	46	3.45
4	63	219	40	3
5	98	237	60	4.5
6	315	352	57	4.275
7	400	37	60	4.5
8	626	157	100	7.5
9	340	5	57	4.275
10	370	21	50	3.75
11	295	341	46	3.45
12	200	291	80	6
13	18	195	50	3.75
14	89	232	70	5.25

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Detection of air balloon with polarimetric weather radar

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