直升机声学超材料舱壁的低频多带隙降噪特性

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28901

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the issue of low-frequency noise control in helicopter cabins below 500 Hz， a design paradigm of acoustic metamaterials is introduced for the acoustic treatment of the original helicopter sidewall. In this study， a low-frequency multi-bandgap acoustic metamaterial structure is proposed. The unit cell of the pro-posed acoustic metamaterial structure contains four cantilever beam-like resonant structures， which can open local-resonant complete bandgaps at the resonant frequencies of each resonant structure. Firstly， the dynamic model of a unit cell was established based on the finite element method. Through a numerical example， the band structure characteristics were analyzed， and the physical mechanism for generating multiple bandgaps was revealed. Secondly， experiments including the normal incident sound transmission loss experiment and the hammer-excitation vibration experiment were carried out to characterize the acoustic performance of a small-size uniform flat plate before and after the acoustic metamaterial was applied. The measured sound insulation enhancement region and the transfer function amplitude decay region were found to be consistent with the theoretically predicted bandgap frequency range， thus verifying the correctness of the theoretical model. Finally， in a reverberation chamber and full anechoic chamber test environment， the diffuse-field incident sound transmission loss experiment and the shaker-excitation vibration experiment were conducted to evaluate the acoustic performance of a large curved reinforced sidewall equipped with and without the acoustic metamaterial. It demonstrates that even when applied to complex structures， the bandgap effect of the acoustic metamaterial still shows high potential to improve the sound insulation performance and the vibroacoustic behavior of the original structures. This work aims to provide ideas and methods for reducing noise in helicopter cabins using ultrathin and lightweight acoustic metamaterials.

Key words: helicopter, noise, acoustic metamaterials, low frequency, bandgap

CLC Number:

V214.8

Xiaole WANG, Ping SUN, Xin GU, Chunyu ZHAO, Zhenyu HUANG. Low⁃frequency and multi⁃bandgap noise reduction characteristics of acoustic metamaterial⁃based helicopter sidewall[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(6): 428901-428901.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 1

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Fig.14

Fig.15

Fig.16

Fig.17

Fig.18

Fig.19

Fig.20

References 52

1	倪先平，朱清华. 直升机总体设计思路和方法发展分析［J］. 航空学报， 2016， 37（1）： 17-29.
	NI X P， ZHU Q H. Development of ideas and methods of helicopter general design［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2016， 37（1）： 17-29 （in Chinese）.
2	史勇杰，徐国华，招启军. 直升机气动声学［M］. 北京：科学出版社， 2019： 133-168.
	SHI Y J， XU G H， ZHAO Q J. Helicopter aeroacoustics［M］. Beijing： Science Press， 2019： 133-168 （in Chinese）.
3	刘孝辉，徐新喜，白松，等. 军用直升机振动与噪声控制技术［J］. 直升机技术， 2013（1）： 67-72.
	LIU X H， XU X X， BAI S， et al. Vibration and noise control technology on military helicopters［J］. Helicopter Technique， 2013（1）： 67-72 （in Chinese）.
4	吴希明，牟晓伟. 直升机关键技术及未来发展与设想［J］. 空气动力学学报， 2021， 39（3）： 1-10.
	WU X M， MU X W. A perspective of the future development of key helicopter technologies［J］. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica， 2021， 39（3）： 1-10 （in Chinese）.
5	BRENNAN M J， ELLIOTT S J， HERON K H. Noise propagation through helicopter gearbox support struts—An experimental study［J］. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics， 1998， 120（3）： 695-704.
6	王风娇，李明强，彭海锋，等. 直升机舱内主减速器噪声控制技术研究综述［J］. 南京航空航天大学学报， 2022， 54（2）： 179-190.
	WANG F J， LI M Q， PENG H F， et al. Overview of control technology for helicopter cabin noise from main gearbox［J］. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics， 2022， 54（2）： 179-190 （in Chinese）.
7	王风娇，陆洋. 用于直升机舱内降噪的主减周期撑杆研究［J］. 航空学报， 2016， 37（11）： 3370-3384.
	WANG F J， LU Y. Research on gearbox periodic strut for helicopter cabin noise reduction［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2016， 37（11）： 3370-3384 （in Chinese）.
8	徐国华，史勇杰，招启军，等. 直升机旋翼气动噪声的研究新进展［J］. 航空学报， 2017， 38（7）： 520991.
	XU G H， SHI Y J， ZHAO Q J， et al. New research progress in helicopter rotor aerodynamic noise［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2017， 38（7）： 520991 （in Chinese）.
9	宋玉宝，李征初，黄奔，等. 周期隔振设计用于直升机舱内噪声抑制的研究［J］. 振动工程学报， 2020， 33（4）： 764-771.
	SONG Y B， LI Z C， HUANG B， et al. Reduction of helicopter cabin noise using periodic isolation design［J］. Journal of Vibration Engineering， 2020， 33（4）： 764-771 （in Chinese）.
10	查建平，王风娇，郭俊贤，等. 直升机主减速器噪声源控制技术概述［J］. 航空学报， 2022， 43（6）： 526123.
	ZHA J P， WANG F J， GUO J X， et al. An overview of noise source control technology for helicopter main gearbox［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2022， 43（6）： 526123 （in Chinese）.
11	CHEN Y， GHINET S， PRICE A， et al. Investigation of aircrew noise exposure levels and hearing protection solutions in helicopter cabin［J］. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures， 2017， 28（8）： 1050-1058.
12	宋玉宝，温激鸿，郁殿龙，等. 板结构振动与噪声抑制研究综述［J］. 机械工程学报， 2018， 54（15）： 60-77.
	SONG Y B， WEN J H， YU D L， et al. Review of vibration and noise control of the plate structures［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering， 2018， 54（15）： 60-77 （in Chinese）.
13	李文智，曹瑶琴，何志平. 基于材料及结构的直升机噪声抑制技术研究进展［J］. 航空材料学报， 2022， 42（2）： 1-10.
	LI W Z， CAO Y Q， HE Z P. Research progress of helicopter noise suppression technology based on materials/structures［J］. Journal of Aeronautical Materials， 2022， 42（2）： 1-10 （in Chinese）.
14	GAO P X， YU T， ZHANG Y L， et al. Vibration analysis and control technologies of hydraulic pipeline system in aircraft： A review［J］. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics， 2021， 34（4）： 83-114.
15	MA X J， LU Y， WANG F J. Active structural acoustic control of helicopter interior multifrequency noise using input-output-based hybrid control［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2017， 405： 187-207.
16	MISOL M. Active sidewall panels with virtual microphones for aircraft interior noise reduction［J］. Applied Sciences， 2020， 10（19）： 6828.
17	MISOL M. Full-scale experiments on the reduction of propeller-induced aircraft interior noise with active trim panels［J］. Applied Acoustics， 2020， 159： 107086.
18	KISHORE S E， SUJITHRA R， DHATREYI B. A review on latest acoustic noise mitigation materials［J］. Materials Today： Proceedings， 2021， 47： 4700-4707.
19	GAO N S， ZHANG Z C， DENG J E， et al. Acoustic metamaterials for noise reduction： A review［J］. Advanced Materials Technologies， 2022， 7（6）： 2100698.
20	LU Q B， LI X， ZHANG X J， et al. Perspective： Acoustic metamaterials in future engineering［J］. Engineering， 2022， 17： 22-30.
21	尹剑飞，蔡力，方鑫，等. 力学超材料研究进展与减振降噪应用［J］. 力学进展， 2022， 52（3）： 508-586.
	YIN J F， CAI L， FANG X， et al. Review on research progress of mechanical metamaterials and their applications in vibration and noise control［J］. Advances in Mechanics， 2022， 52（3）： 508-586 （in Chinese）.
22	李澔翔，梁彬，程建春. 声人工结构的声场调控研究进展［J］. 中国科学：物理学力学天文学， 2022， 52（4）： 6-33.
	LI H X， LIANG B， CHENG J C. Recent advances in the artificial structure-based manipulation of the acoustic field［J］. Scientia Sinica （Physica， Mechanica & Astronomica）， 2022， 52（4）： 6-33 （in Chinese）.
23	温激鸿，郁殿龙，赵宏刚. 人工周期结构中弹性波的传播：振动与声学特性［M］. 北京：科学出版社， 2015： 1-20.
	WEN J H， YU D L， ZHAO H G. Propagation of elastic waves in artificial periodic structures： Vibration and acoustic characteristics［M］. Beijing： Science Press， 2015： 1-20 （in Chinese）.
24	XIAO Y， WEN J H， WEN X S. Sound transmission loss of metamaterial-based thin plates with multiple subwavelength arrays of attached resonators［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2012， 331（25）： 5408-5423.
25	SONG Y B， FENG L P， WEN J H， et al. Reduction of the sound transmission of a periodic sandwich plate using the stop band concept［J］. Composite Structures， 2015， 128： 428-436.
26	DROZ C， ROBIN O， ICHCHOU M， et al. Improving sound transmission loss at ring frequency of a curved panel using tunable 3D-printed small-scale resonators［J］. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America， 2019， 145（1）： EL72.
27	WANG X L， LUO X D， HUANG Z Y. Hybrid metamaterials enable multifunctional manipulation of mechanical waves on solid-fluid interfaces［J］. Applied Physics Letters， 2020， 117（6）： 061902.
28	SONG Y B， WEN J H， TIAN H， et al. Vibration and sound properties of metamaterial sandwich panels with periodically attached resonators： Simulation and experiment study［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2020， 489： 115644.
29	TUFANO G， ERRICO F， ROBIN O， et al. K-space analysis of complex large-scale meta-structures using the inhomogeneous wave correlation method［J］. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing， 2020， 135： 106407.
30	PIRES F A， CLAEYS C， DECKERS E， et al. The impact of resonant additions’ footprint on the stop band behavior of 1D locally resonant metamaterial realizations［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2021， 491： 115705.
31	PIRES F A， SANGIULIANO L， DENAYER H， et al. The use of locally resonant metamaterials to reduce flow-induced noise and vibration［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2022， 535： 117106.
32	SANGIULIANO L， REFF B， PALANDRI J， et al. Low frequency tyre noise mitigation in a vehicle using metal 3D printed resonant metamaterials［J］. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing， 2022， 179： 109335.
33	ZHANG H， WEN J H， XIAO Y， et al. Sound transmission loss of metamaterial thin plates with periodic subwavelength arrays of shunted piezoelectric patches［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2015， 343： 104-120.
34	FANG X， WEN J H， BONELLO B， et al. Ultra-low and ultra-broad-band nonlinear acoustic metamaterials［J］. Nature Communications， 2017， 8： 1288.
35	WANG T， SHENG M P， DING X D， et al. Wave propagation and power flow in an acoustic metamaterial plate with lateral local resonance attachment［J］. Journal of Physics D： Applied Physics， 2018， 51（11）： 115306.
36	MA J G， SHENG M P， GUO Z W， et al. Dynamic analysis of periodic vibration suppressors with multiple secondary oscillators［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2018， 424： 94-111.
37	ZHAO G， XU M， WANG X， et al. Low-frequency vibroacoustic performance of an acoustic metamaterial plate with periodical single-stage multi-degree-of-freedom resonators attachment［J］. Physics Letters A， 2021， 412： 127593.
38	FANG X， SHENG P， WEN J H， et al. A nonlinear metamaterial plate for suppressing vibration and sound radiation［J］. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences， 2022， 228： 107473.
39	GIANNINI D， SCHEVENELS M， REYNDERS E P B. Rotational and multimodal local resonators for broadband sound insulation of orthotropic metamaterial plates［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2023， 547： 117453.
40	SHENG P， FANG X， DAI L， et al. Synthetical vibration reduction of the nonlinear acoustic metamaterial honeycomb sandwich plate［J］. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing， 2023， 185： 109774.
41	CLAEYS C C， VERGOTE K， SAS P， et al. On the potential of tuned resonators to obtain low-frequency vibrational stop bands in periodic panels［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2013， 332（6）： 1418-1436.
42	WANG G， WEN X S， WEN J H， et al. Two-dimensional locally resonant phononic crystals with binary structures［J］. Physical Review Letters， 2004， 93（15）： 154302.
43	朱席席，肖勇，温激鸿，等. 局域共振型加筋板的弯曲波带隙与减振特性［J］. 物理学报， 2016， 65（17）： 316-330.
	ZHU X X， XIAO Y， WEN J H， et al. Flexural wave band gaps and vibration reduction properties of a locally resonant stiffened plate［J］. Acta Physica Sinica， 2016， 65（17）： 316-330 （in Chinese）.
44	BORN M. Wave propagation in periodic structures［J］. Nature， 1946， 158（4026）： 926.
45	LANGLEY R S. A note on the force boundary conditions for two-dimensional periodic structures with corner freedoms［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 1993， 167（2）： 377-381.
46	GOFFAUX C， SÁNCHEZ-DEHESA J， YEYATI A L， et al. Evidence of fano-like interference phenomena in locally resonant materials［J］. Physical Review Letters， 2002， 88（22）： 225502.
47	American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard test method for measurement of normal incidence sound transmission of acoustical materials based on the transfer matrix method：［S］. West Conshohocken， PA： ASTM International， 2019： 1-14.
48	SONG B H， BOLTON J S. A transfer-matrix approach for estimating the characteristic impedance and wave numbers of limp and rigid porous materials［J］. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America， 2000， 107（3）： 1131-1152.
49	VAN BELLE L， CLAEYS C， DECKERS E， et al. The impact of damping on the sound transmission loss of locally resonant metamaterial plates［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2019， 461： 114909.
50	LIU B L， FENG L P， NILSSON A. Sound transmission through curved aircraft panels with stringer and ring frame attachments［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2007， 300（3-5）： 949-973.
51	ZHOU J， BHASKAR A， ZHANG X. The effect of external mean flow on sound transmission through double-walled cylindrical shells lined with poroelastic material［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2014， 333（7）： 1972-1990.
52	LIU Y， SEBASTIAN A. Effects of external and gap mean flows on sound transmission through a double-wall sandwich panel［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration， 2015， 344： 399-415.

序号	l_m/mm	w_m	h_m	l_b	w_b	h_b
1	10	10	5.8	18.0	5	1.1
2	10	10	5.5	5.5	5	0.8
3	10	10	5.2	5.0	5	1.0
4	10	10	6.0	5.0	5	1.4

[1]	Jinghui DENG. Technical status and development of electric vertical take⁃off and landing aircraft [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 529937-529937.
[2]	Zixiao YANG, Shiyao LI, Chen WEI, Zhan LI, Bo ZHU. Robust control of underactuated 3-DOF helicopter based on lower order disturbance estimator [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(1): 629056-629056.
[3]	Siji WANG, Yuwei ZHANG, Kaiming HUANG, Biao LYU, Haifeng ZHAO, Hu WANG, Mingfu LIAO. An optimization method for helicopter power turbine rotor system based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(1): 228608-228608.
[4]	Liguo WANG, Liang ZHOU, Song ZHANG, Yong WU, Peng LI, Jiaxing CHEN. Research progress on anti-icing and de-icing technologies for helicopter rotors [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S2): 729458-729458.
[5]	Yuemeng MA, Ming LIU, Ding YANG, Ming YANG, Mingang ZHANG, Yajie GE. Prescribed performance and anti⁃noise control of near space vehicle with thermal constraint [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S2): 729390-729390.
[6]	Lifen ZHANG, Bangtuo YU, Hongli XU, Jianhui ZHAO, Zhiyuan XU, Zhenxia LIU. Icing and pressure drop loss on helicopter multi-tube separator [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S2): 729303-729303.
[7]	Shu YANG. Helicopter integrated flight⁃engine control with envelope protections [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S1): 727560-727560.
[8]	Zheng YE, Daiyin ZHU, Di WU. SAR image registration algorithm based on echo information of overlapping subaperture [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(8): 327254-327254.
[9]	Ximing CUI, Zhipeng QIU, Jia WEI, Chi ZHANG, Kai SONG, Zhe LI, Shupeng WANG. Data-driven method for characterization of structural steel surface stress of magnetic Barkhausen noise [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(8): 427237-427237.
[10]	Junlin LIU, Xihai XU, Zhicheng ZHANG, Xiaoqian CHEN. Simulation and analysis of noise reduction in high⁃temperature and high⁃speed rocket jet by water injection [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(7): 127122-127122.
[11]	Xianbang SHEN, Kaijun YI, Xuzhen JING, Zhiyuan LIU, Rui ZHU. Design of electromechanical coupled metamaterial plates for low-frequency vibration control in aircraft structures [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(5): 226959-226959.
[12]	Zongyao YANG, Jingzhou ZHANG, Yong SHAN. Suppression of exhaust plume infrared and jet noise of large aspect ratio curved mixing duct [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(5): 126848-126848.
[13]	Qiang XU, Hongliang CUI, Bangping DING, Aigang ZHAO, Yang ZHAO. Two-stage strong tracking differential Kalman filter for X-ray pulsar navigation with coloured noise [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(3): 526120-526120.
[14]	Bian LI, Lili QU, Yuping GAO. Methods for J0613-0200 steering a cesium clock [J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2023, 44(3): 526500-526500.
[15]	Hang TONG, Liangji ZHANG, Ruibiao GAO, Weijie CHEN, Weiyang QIAO. Broadband noise fast evaluation method and its application in three dimensional design stage of fan [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(24): 128606-128606.

Low⁃frequency and multi⁃bandgap noise reduction characteristics of acoustic metamaterial⁃based helicopter sidewall

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 21

References 52

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments