直升机声学超材料舱壁的低频多带隙降噪特性

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28901

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the issue of low-frequency noise control in helicopter cabins below 500 Hz， a design paradigm of acoustic metamaterials is introduced for the acoustic treatment of the original helicopter sidewall. In this study， a low-frequency multi-bandgap acoustic metamaterial structure is proposed. The unit cell of the pro-posed acoustic metamaterial structure contains four cantilever beam-like resonant structures， which can open local-resonant complete bandgaps at the resonant frequencies of each resonant structure. Firstly， the dynamic model of a unit cell was established based on the finite element method. Through a numerical example， the band structure characteristics were analyzed， and the physical mechanism for generating multiple bandgaps was revealed. Secondly， experiments including the normal incident sound transmission loss experiment and the hammer-excitation vibration experiment were carried out to characterize the acoustic performance of a small-size uniform flat plate before and after the acoustic metamaterial was applied. The measured sound insulation enhancement region and the transfer function amplitude decay region were found to be consistent with the theoretically predicted bandgap frequency range， thus verifying the correctness of the theoretical model. Finally， in a reverberation chamber and full anechoic chamber test environment， the diffuse-field incident sound transmission loss experiment and the shaker-excitation vibration experiment were conducted to evaluate the acoustic performance of a large curved reinforced sidewall equipped with and without the acoustic metamaterial. It demonstrates that even when applied to complex structures， the bandgap effect of the acoustic metamaterial still shows high potential to improve the sound insulation performance and the vibroacoustic behavior of the original structures. This work aims to provide ideas and methods for reducing noise in helicopter cabins using ultrathin and lightweight acoustic metamaterials.

Key words: helicopter, noise, acoustic metamaterials, low frequency, bandgap

CLC Number:

V214.8

Xiaole WANG, Ping SUN, Xin GU, Chunyu ZHAO, Zhenyu HUANG. Low⁃frequency and multi⁃bandgap noise reduction characteristics of acoustic metamaterial⁃based helicopter sidewall[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(6): 428901-428901.

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序号	l_m/mm	w_m	h_m	l_b	w_b	h_b
1	10	10	5.8	18.0	5	1.1
2	10	10	5.5	5.5	5	0.8
3	10	10	5.2	5.0	5	1.0
4	10	10	6.0	5.0	5	1.4

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Low⁃frequency and multi⁃bandgap noise reduction characteristics of acoustic metamaterial⁃based helicopter sidewall

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