预载作用下2A12铝合金高能激光毁伤失效研究

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32358

Abstract

Abstract:

High-energy laser weapons have gradually emerged as a critical new destructive capability on modern battlefields， complementing traditional kinetic weapons. In real service conditions of aircraft， external structures such as skins are subjected to long-term cyclic loads due to air pressure. Therefore， it is essential to consider the influence of boundary loads when studying laser-induced damage. Focusing on the problem of high-energy laser damage effects under boundary loading conditions， this study conducted experiments on a typical 2A12 aerospace aluminum alloy under high-energy continuous laser irradiation. By integrating a boundary preload loading apparatus， the effects of boundary preloads on material response and damage behavior were analyzed. It was found that the primary damage mode under continuous high-energy laser irradiation involves molten material flowing downward under gravitational forces to form perforations. Under boundary preload conditions， thermo-expansion and thermal softening jointly influence the thermomechanical response of the target. Observations of boundary load curves during the ablation process revealed three distinct stages. After laser irradiation ceased， residual boundary loads in tensile and compressive preloading conditions recovered to approximately 80% and 25%， respectively， indicating irreversible damage akin to plastic deformation. Furthermore， a thermomechanical coupling simulation model incorporating phase transformation and material flow was established based on experimental results. By analyzing the degradation pattens of thermal expansion coefficients and elastic modulus， the roles of thermo-expansion and thermal softening during laser ablation were elucidated.

Key words: high-energy laser, boundary preload, thermo-mechanical coupling, ablation damage, COMSOL

CLC Number:

V214.1

Yu ZHANG, Dacheng LI, Xiaochuan LIU, Yulong LI. Damage effect of high-energy laser on 2A12 aluminum alloy under boundary preload[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(21): 532358.

Figures/Tables 19

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工况代号	加载方式	激光功率密度/（W∙cm^-2）	载荷大小/kN
1	未加载	200	0
2	未加载	300	0
3	未加载	400	0
4	单轴拉伸	300	2
5	单轴拉伸	300	4
6	单轴拉伸	300	6
7	单轴拉伸	300	8
8	单轴压缩	300	2
9	单轴压缩	300	4
10	单轴压缩	300	6

序号	载荷类型	预载荷/kN	辐照后边界载荷/kN	恢复比例/%
4	拉伸	2	1.54	77
5		4	2.68	67
6		6	4.97	83
7		8	6.59	82
8	压缩	2	0.48	24
9		4	0.92	23
10		6	1.81	30

参数	数值
熔化温度/℃	660
熔化潜热/（kJ·kg^-1）	397.7
固态比热容/（J·kg^-1·K^-1）	900
液态比热容/（J·kg^-1·K^-1）	1 200
固态导热率/（W·m^-1·K^-1）	120
液态导热率/（W·m^-1·K^-1）	80
表面吸收率	0.3
初始热膨胀系数/K^-1	2.2×10^-5

参数	数值
密度/（kg·m^-3）	660
初始弹性模量/GPa	73.1
泊松比	0.33
初始抗拉强度/MPa	427
初始抗压强度/MPa	345

Damage effect of high-energy laser on 2A12 aluminum alloy under boundary preload

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