航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (16): 132764-132764   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32764

飞行器非定常气动力稀疏识别建模方法

童金阳1, 寇家庆2,3,4(), 张伟伟2,3,4   

  1. 1.浙江大学 机械工程学院,杭州 310058,
    2.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
    3.西北工业大学 流体力学智能化国际联合研究所,西安 710072
    4.飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 修回日期:2025-12-08 接受日期:2025-12-25 出版日期:2026-01-12 发布日期:2026-01-09
  • 通讯作者: 寇家庆 E-mail:jqkou@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2024YFB3310401);国家自然科学基金(U2441211);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(G2024KY05101);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2025JC-YBQN-087);飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室开放基金(JBGS-202504)

Sparse identification modeling method for unsteady aerodynamics of aircraft

Jinyang TONG1, Jiaqing KOU2,3,4(), Weiwei ZHANG2,3,4   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou  310058,China
    2.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an  710072,China
    3.International Joint Institute of Artificial Intelligence on Fluid Mechanics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an  710072,China
    4.National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design,Xi’an  710072,China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2025-12-08 Accepted:2025-12-25 Online:2026-01-12 Published:2026-01-09
  • Contact: Jiaqing KOU E-mail:jqkou@nwpu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFB3310401);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2441211);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(G2024KY05101);Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2025JC-YBQN-087);Open Fund of the National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design(JBGS-202504)

摘要:

针对白箱气动力降阶模型的高效高精度构建,提出了一种基于非线性动力学稀疏识别(SINDy)的频域非定常气动力建模方法。该方法通过典型振幅频率下的飞行器简谐运动仿真数据,利用经典代数气动力模型架构设计候选函数库,并根据稀疏回归方法实现候选项的最优选择及参数辨识,从而自动构建稀疏结构的强可解释性气动力降阶模型。分别基于经典代数气动力模型与Theodorsen气动力建模理论,构建了全采样空间的统一模型(SINDyA)和变参数的局部气动力模型(SINDyB)。随后,以NACA64A010翼型和CHN-T1飞行器的跨声速俯仰运动这两类典型问题为研究对象,以升力和力矩系数为建模目标,验证了提出方法的有效性。结果表明:建立的模型仅需少数主导项就能兼顾气动力非线性与迟滞特性,其中SINDyB模型由于对系数进行局部插值,展现出更高的预测精度;由于力矩系数非线性更强,其预测难度显著高于升力系数;建立的模型在一定幅值和频率范围的激励下能准确预测气动力响应,但对于大幅高频工况,预测精度有所下降。研究验证了符号主义机器学习方法在构建高精度、可解释非定常气动力模型上的潜力,展现出此类模型的工程应用前景。

关键词: 非定常气动力, 机器学习, 稀疏识别, CFD, 降阶模型

Abstract:

To enable efficient, high-fidelity construction of white-box reduced-order aerodynamic models, a frequency-domain unsteady aerodynamic modeling approach is proposed based on Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy). The proposed method uses simulation data of harmonic aircraft motions at representative amplitudes and frequencies, constructs a candidate function library guided by classical algebraic aerodynamic model architectures, and applies sparse regression to select optimal terms and identify parameters-thereby automatically yielding sparse, highly interpretable reduced-order aerodynamic models. Leveraging both classical algebraic model structures and Theodorsen’s unsteady aerodynamic theory, we formulate a globally sampled unified model (SINDyA) and a parameter-varying local model (SINDyB). The approach is validated on two canonical problems-transonic pitch oscillations of the NACA64A010 airfoil and of the CHN-T1 aircraft-using lift and pitching-moment coefficients as modeling targets.Results indicate that the identified models require only a small number of dominant terms to capture the key nonlinear and hysteretic features of the unsteady aerodynamics; the SINDyB model, which performs local interpolation of coefficients, achieves higher prediction accuracy. Because the pitching-moment coefficient exhibits stronger nonlinearity, its prediction proves markedly more challenging than that of lift. The models predict aerodynamic responses accurately under small-amplitude excitations, while performance degrades for large-amplitude, high-frequency cases. These findings demonstrate the promise of symbolic machine-learning methods for constructing high-accuracy, interpretable unsteady aerodynamic models and highlight their potential for engineering application.

Key words: unsteady aerodynamics, machine learning, sparse identification, CFD, reduced-order model

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