航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (24): 431777-431777   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31777

选区激光增材制造钛合金构件微结构设计及力学性能

张鑫磊1, 袁也1, 陈洪胜1(), 郑留伟2,3, 王文先2, 王璟1   

  1. 1.太原理工大学 机械工程学院,太原 030024
    2.太原理工大学 材料科学与工程学院,太原 030024
    3.太原理工大学 分析测试中心,太原 030024
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-07 修回日期:2025-02-10 接受日期:2025-06-03 出版日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2025-06-13
  • 通讯作者: 陈洪胜 E-mail:chenhongsheng@tyut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山西省自然科学研究面上项目(202303021211045);山西省专利转化计划(202402003);山西省忻州市重点研发计划

Microstructure design and mechanical properties of titanium alloy components for laser selective additive manufacturing

Xinlei ZHANG1, Ye YUAN1, Hongsheng CHEN1(), Liuwei ZHENG2,3, Wenxian WANG2, Jing WANG1   

  1. 1.College of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China
    2.College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China
    3.Instrumental Analysis Center,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China
  • Received:2025-01-07 Revised:2025-02-10 Accepted:2025-06-03 Online:2025-06-30 Published:2025-06-13
  • Contact: Hongsheng CHEN E-mail:chenhongsheng@tyut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Shanxi Province Natural Science Research Surface Project(202303021211045);Shanxi Patent Conversion Plan Project(202402003);Key Research and Development Project of Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province

摘要:

钛合金具有高强、耐高温等特点,在航空航天、水下装备等领域具有广泛的应用前景,钛合金结构件的轻量化是未来的发展趋势。基于拱桥桥拱高承压的结构优势结合选区激光增材制造的工艺特点,设计并制备了内部不同圆弧拱结构的钛合金块体,通过室温的弯曲、拉伸、压缩等性能测试,探究了制备块体的力学性能、断裂失效机制。研究结果表明,圆弧拱结构减轻构件质量16%~40%。圆弧拱半径1 mm、拱高0.66 mm的试样表现出优异的力学性能,抗拉强度可达到1 558.0 MPa、抗弯强度可达到1 506.7 MPa、抗压强度可达到2 040.9 MPa。拉伸断口呈现大量韧窝,表现为韧脆性断裂;压缩断口呈现灰白色的条带,表现为脆性倾斜剪切断裂。圆弧拱结构有效降低构件质量的同时保证了力学性能,为轻量化结构设计提供了一种新策略。

关键词: 轻量化设计, 圆弧拱结构, 钛合金, 选区激光熔化, 断机制

Abstract:

Titanium alloy, has the characteristics of high strength, high temperature resistance and has a wide range of application prospects in aerospace and other fields, and the lightweight of titanium alloy structural parts is the future development trend. Titanium alloy blocks with different arc arch structures were designed and fabricated based on the structural advantages of high arch pressure of arch Bridges combined with the technological characteristics of selected laser additive manufacturing. The mechanical properties and fracture failure mechanism of the fabricated blocks were investigated through bending, stretching and compression tests at room temperature. The results show that the arc arch structure can reduce the weight of the component by 16% to 40%. The specimen with arc arch radius of 1 mm and arch height of 0.66 mm showed excellent mechanical properties, and the tensile strength reached 1 558.0 MPa. The bending strength can reach 1 506.7 MPa; The compressive strength can reach 2 040.9 MPa. The tensile fracture presents a large number of dimples, which is characterized by ductile brittle fracture. The compression fracture shows grayish white bands, which are brittle inclined shear fracture. The circular arch structure can effectively reduce the weight of the component and guarantee the mechanical properties at the same time, which provides a new strategy for lightweight structure design.

Key words: lightweight structure design, arc arch structure, Ti6Al4V, selective laser melting, fracture mechanism

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