航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (22): 331034-331034   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31034

应对高端战争的无人机蜂群及其起飞方式

张安平(), 董昊   

  1. 南京航空航天大学 航空学院,南京 210016
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-02 修回日期:2024-11-20 接受日期:2025-03-21 出版日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 张安平 E-mail:zapnuaa@163.com

UAV swarms and their takeoff method for high-end warfare

Anping ZHANG(), Hao DONG   

  1. College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
  • Received:2024-08-02 Revised:2024-11-20 Accepted:2025-03-21 Online:2025-04-01 Published:2025-03-31
  • Contact: Anping ZHANG E-mail:zapnuaa@163.com

摘要:

以应对高端战争为出发点,研究了适合中国现阶段发展的低成本无人机(UAV)蜂群类型及其起飞方式,为提升当前的无人机蜂群作战能力提供了一些思路。介绍了无人机蜂群必须具备的远距离作战能力,对美国若干低成本无人机的成本情况以及无人机动力装置的技术现状进行了分析,比较了可用于无人机蜂群的3种起飞方式,分析了国内外多机连续箱式发射系统在关键技术中存在的差距,并结合国外无人机实例思考与借鉴,最后建议国内以起飞质量超过150 kg、机翼为折叠翼的中型固定翼无人机为无人机蜂群的飞行器平台,通过解决螺旋桨与活塞发动机的箱外离合、电机驱动折叠机翼的展开等关键技术,提高用于无人机蜂群起飞的多机连续箱式发射系统的发射效率。

关键词: 高端战争, 无人机蜂群, 低成本, 中型固定翼, 箱式发射, 活塞发动机

Abstract:

Based on high-end warfare, the type of low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms and their takeoff method suitable for the current development of China are studied, providing insights to enhance the current UAV swarms combat capability. Firstly, this paper outlines the essential long-range operational capabilities required for UAV swarms and analyzed the cost situation of several low-cost UAVs in the US as well as the current technological status of UAV powerplants. Secondly, three takeoff methods that can be used for UAV swarms are compared, the gaps in key technologies of multi-UAVs container launching system at home and abroad are analyzed, drawing from foreign UAV examples. Finally, it is recommended to that China should adopt medium fixed-wing UAV with a takeoff mass exceeding 150 kg and foldable wings as the aircraft platform for domestic UAV swarm. Key technologies such as the clutching of propeller and piston engine outside the launching container, and the unfolding of folding wings driven by motors should be pursued to improve the launching efficiency of multi-UAVs container launching system for UAV swarms development.

Key words: high-end warfare, unmanned aerial vehicle swarms, low-cost, medium fixed-wing, container launching, piston engine

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