关键词: 飞行力学, 飞行员模型, 舰载机着舰, 飞行安全, 模型预测控制

Abstract:

A carrier-based aircraft model， including models for the carrier-based aircraft， deck motion， ship wake， landing signal officer， and pilot， was established for night-time environments. The pilot model was developed based on the MPC （Model Predictive Control） method， capable of describing the pilot's control strategy under control input and rate constraints. The pilot model established within the boundary constraints is equivalent to the Linear Quadratic Gaussian （LQG） pilot model. Through simulation verification， the established pilot model exhibits human-like characteristics within the frequency range of 0.1 rad/s to 10.0 rad/s. Based on the established pilot model， flight simulations in night-time environments were conducted. The simulation results indicate that the night-time environment affects the pilot's observation accuracy of angles， angular velocities， and lateral and longitudinal deviations. Compared to daytime conditions， the pilot's longitudinal trajectory deviation dispersion increases， while the lateral trajectory deviation dispersion slightly increases. Additionally， as the aircraft approaches the vessel， there is also a tendency to avoid the ship’s wake. Through repeated simulation experiments， the rationality of the carrier-aircraft-human system was validated. The results show that the landing dispersion trends at 1/2， 1/4， 1/8 mi （1 mi=1.61 km）， and ramp are consistent with U.S. military experiments. The night-time go-around rate is 28%， while the daytime rate is 12%， aligning with practical experience. This validates that the established artificial landing model can be used to analyze carrier-based aircraft landing safety in complex environments.

Key words: flight mechanics, pilot model, carrier-based aircraft landing, flight safety, model predictive control