航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (23): 30368-030368   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30368

航空结构低速冲击监测技术研究进展

曾旭1, 邓德双1, 杨红娟1, 杨正岩2, 马书义3, 杨雷1(), 武湛君4   

  1. 1.大连理工大学 力学与航空航天学院 工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,大连 116024
    2.江南大学 纤维工程与装备技术学院,无锡 214122
    3.大连科技学院 交通与电气工程学院,大连 116052
    4.大连理工大学 材料科学与工程学院,大连 116024
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-09 修回日期:2024-04-05 接受日期:2024-06-12 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-07-31
  • 通讯作者: 杨雷 E-mail:yangl@dlut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3402500);国家自然科学基金(U2341235)

Research progress in low-velocity impact monitoring technology for aircraft structures

Xu ZENG1, Deshuang DENG1, Hongjuan YANG1, Zhengyan YANG2, Shuyi MA3, Lei YANG1(), Zhanjun WU4   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian  116024,China
    2.School of Fiber Engineering and Equipment Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi  214122,China
    3.School of Transportation and Electrical Engineering,Dalian University of Science and Technology,Dalian  116052,China
    4.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian  116024,China
  • Received:2024-03-09 Revised:2024-04-05 Accepted:2024-06-12 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-07-31
  • Contact: Lei YANG E-mail:yangl@dlut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3402500);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2341235)

摘要:

低速冲击对航空结构造成的潜在损伤严重威胁飞行器的飞行安全。冲击监测技术能够实时定位冲击源、重构载荷历程并估计冲击能量,是结构健康状态评估的关键技术,对于保障飞行器的服役安全具有重要意义。概述了冲击监测的一般流程;归纳了具有代表性的冲击定位方法,包括基于稀疏传感器阵列的时差法、时间反转聚焦法、参考数据库法和机器学习法,基于密集传感器阵列的波束成形法、传感器簇法、多重信号分类法和空间波数滤波器法,以及基于非波动信号的其他方法;总结了基于模型和机器学习的2种冲击载荷重构方法,以及冲击能量识别方法;结合冲击监测技术的现状,讨论了其面临的技术挑战并展望其发展趋势。

关键词: 航空结构, 冲击监测, 冲击定位, 载荷重构, 能量识别

Abstract:

Low-velocity impacts pose a severe threat to aircraft flight safety by potentially damaging aerospace structures. Impact monitoring, which can locate the source of impacts in real time, reconstruct load histories, and estimate impact energy, is a key technology in structural health assessment, crucial for ensuring aircraft operation safety. This article provides an overview of the general process of the impact monitoring technology. Representative impact localization methods are summarized, including sparse sensor array based time difference methods, time reversal focusing methods, reference database methods and machine learning methods, dense sensor array based beamforming methods, sensor cluster methods, multiple signal classification methods, and spatial wavenumber filtering methods, as well as other non-wave signal based methods. Two categories of impact load reconstruction methods, i.e., model-based methods and machine learning methods, are discussed, along with methods for impact energy identification. Considering the current state of the impact monitoring technology, the article explores the technical challenges it faces and its future development trends.

Key words: aircraft structures, impact monitoring, impact localization, load reconstruction, energy identification

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