航空学报 > 2014, Vol. 35 Issue (7): 2019-2030   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0043

稀疏孔径ISAR机动目标成像与相位补偿方法

黄大荣, 郭新荣, 张磊, 邢孟道, 保铮   

  1. 西安电子科技大学 雷达信号处理国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710071
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-12 修回日期:2014-04-08 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 张磊,Tel.:029-88201032E-mail:zhanglei_0330@126.com E-mail:zhanglei_0330@126.com
  • 作者简介:黄大荣男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:ISAR成像与运动补偿。Tel:029-88201032E-mail:rsphdr@163.com;郭新荣女,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:ISAR成像及计算电磁学的快速算法。Tel:029-88201032E-mail:guoxiao518@163.com;张磊男,博士,讲师。主要研究方向:ISAR与SAR信号处理。Tel:029-88201032E-mail:zhanglei_0330@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(61301280);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(K5051302001,K5051302038)

ISAR Phase Compensation and Imaging of Maneuvering Target with Sparse Apertures

HUANG Darong, GUO Xinrong, ZHANG Lei, XING Mengdao, BAO Zheng   

  1. National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
  • Received:2013-10-12 Revised:2014-04-08 Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-04-16
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (61301280); the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (K5051302001, K5051302038)

摘要:

现代逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)可实现多模式下对多目标的交替测量工作,但波束切换使得任一目标的方位孔径具有稀疏性,同时目标的机动性也使得目标的方位维信号具有高次调制特性,这均导致以连续采样信号模型为基础的传统ISAR运动补偿和成像方法难以直接应用。本文提出一种新的稀疏孔径(SA)ISAR机动目标相位补偿和成像方法。该方法首先建立了稀疏孔径ISAR机动目标的信号模型,然后通过求解2范数最大化的优化函数,实现对相位误差的精确估计,并且通过迭代处理提高了相位误差的估计精度。相位误差补偿后,根据压缩感知理论,构造了机动目标情况下的Chirp-Fourier字典,通过对稀疏优化问题的求解,能够较精确地从稀疏孔径信号中重构出机动目标的全孔径(FA)信号。仿真和实测数据处理结果证明了本文方法的有效性。

关键词: 现代逆合成孔径雷达, 稀疏孔径, 机动目标, 相位补偿, 稀疏重构

Abstract:

The modern inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) has the function of surveying multiple targets in different operating modes. But the apertures of any target are sparse because of the beam switching. The targets always navigate using a maneuvering way at the same time, which lead to the cross-range signals modeled as high-order frequency signals. Both the traditional ISAR phase compensation method and imaging method based on the continuous sampling signal models are inadequate in the maneuvering case. New phase compensation and imaging method for the maneuvering target with sparse aperture (SA) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the signal model of the sparse apeture ISAR for maneuvering targets is founded, then the phase error terms are estimated precisely by solving the maximum norm-2 optimization, and the estimated accuracy of phase error terms is reinforced by embedding iterations. After phase error compensation, the redundant chirp-Fourier dictionary of the maneuvering target is built by the compressed sensing theory, and the full apertures (TA) data can be reconstructed from the SA measurements precisely by solving the sparsity-driven optimization. The results of simulated data and real measured data verify the validity of the proposed algorithm.

Key words: inverse synthetic aperture radar, sparse apertures, maneuvering target, phase compensation, sparse representation

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