航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (5): 132490-132490   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32490

面向在线变形的跨域变构型飞行器气动设计方法

陈海鹏1, 喻海川1, 顾祥玉1(), 王鑫蔚1, 张啸九1, 陈军2   

  1. 1.中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京 100076
    2.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-30 修回日期:2025-11-10 接受日期:2025-11-13 出版日期:2025-11-21 发布日期:2025-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 顾祥玉 E-mail:xiangyu_gu@outlook.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(92471205)

Aerodynamic design methods for cross-domain morphing aircraft oriented to online deformation

Haipeng CHEN1, Haichuan YU1, Xiangyu GU1(), Xinwei WANG1, Xiaojiu ZHANG1, Jun CHEN2   

  1. 1.China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China
    2.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
  • Received:2025-06-30 Revised:2025-11-10 Accepted:2025-11-13 Online:2025-11-21 Published:2025-11-20
  • Contact: Xiangyu GU E-mail:xiangyu_gu@outlook.com
  • Supported by:
    Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92471205)

摘要:

变构型飞行器根据飞行任务在线改变气动外形,可在宽飞行包线内保持优异气动性能,成为当前航空航天领域的研究热点。针对变构型飞行器气动外形设计面临的在线/离线变量一体化协调与多剖面异构约束的挑战,发展了一种面向多任务的跨域变构型飞行器气动设计方法。该方法采用在线与离线两类设计变量参数化气动外形,构建了内、外两层耦合优化框架,旨在实现全剖面性能最优并满足各剖面约束。将该方法应用于可变后掠跨域飞行器,针对起降(最大升力)和高速飞行(最大升阻比、压心约束)剖面完成了气动外形优化。根据权重配置不同,优化构型在Ma=0.4工况,升力系数提升55.03%、56.85%;在Ma=6.0和Ma=10.0工况,升阻比分别提升1.16%、1.69%和0.94%、1.68%。压心变化均满足2%的设计约束,验证了该优化框架的有效性。

关键词: 跨域变构型, 多点设计, 双层优化方法, 型面优化, 平面形状优化

Abstract:

Morphing aircraft, which adapt their aerodynamic shape online to meet mission demands, are a prominent research topic for maintaining high performance across wide flight envelopes. To address the challenges of integrated coordination between online/offline design variables and multi-profile heterogeneous constraints in the aerodynamic design of morphing aircraft, we develop a multi-mission aerodynamic design method for cross-domain aircraft. The proposed method parameterizes the aerodynamic shape with both online and offline variables and constructs an inner-outer dual-layer coupled optimization framework aimed at achieving a globally optimal offline shape while meeting the optimal online configurations for each flight profile. The method was applied to a variable-sweep cross-domain aircraft, and shape optimization is carried out for take-off/landing (max lift coefficient) and high-speed flight (max lift-to-drag ratio with center of pressure constraints). Depending on the objective weights, the optimized lift coefficient at Ma=0.4 increased by 55.03% and 56.85%, while lift-to-drag ratios at Ma=6.0 and Ma=10.0 increased by 1.16%, 1.69% and 0.94%, 1.68%, respectively. Crucially, the high-speed center of pressure variation was successfully controlled within the 2% design constraint in all cases. These results verify the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework.

Key words: cross-domain morphing, multi-point design, dual-layer optimization method, shape optimization, planar shape optimization

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