航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (22): 131975-131975   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31975

翼型阵风减缓等离子体流动控制低速风洞试验

宋亚航, 张鑫(), 马志明, 左峥瑜   

  1. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 空天飞行空气动力科学与技术全国重点实验室,绵阳 621000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13 修回日期:2025-04-07 接受日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2025-05-13 发布日期:2025-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 张鑫 E-mail:lookzx@mail.ustc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    四川省杰出青年基金(2022JDJQ0022)

Airfoil gust alleviation using a plasma actuator in low-speed wind tunnel test

Yahang SONG, Xin ZHANG(), Zhiming MA, Zhengyu ZUO   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China
  • Received:2025-03-13 Revised:2025-04-07 Accepted:2025-04-15 Online:2025-05-13 Published:2025-04-17
  • Contact: Xin ZHANG E-mail:lookzx@mail.ustc.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2022JDJQ0022)

摘要:

以减缓起降阶段阵风对飞机影响为目标,以GAW-1翼型为研究对象,采用测力、测压、高速粒子图像测速3种研究手段,开展了基于对称布局介质阻挡放电等离子体激励器的阵风减缓风洞试验研究,定量评估了等离子体阵风减缓效果,揭示了等离子体流动控制机制。试验时将单个对称布局激励器布置在翼型前缘,激励器会诱导产生两股速度近似相等、方向相反的准定常射流。结果表明:在阵风环境下,等离子体激励器能够抑制翼型失速分离,推迟失速迎角;施加激励后,失速迎角推迟了2°,最大升力系数提升了12%;等离子体激励器能够抑制阵风引起的压力振荡,从而减缓阵风影响;对称等离子体激励器诱导产生的展向涡与壁面附近的拟序结构是实现阵风减缓的关键。基于等离子体激励的阵风减缓过程可以分为3个阶段:在第1阶段,一系列诱导涡能够促进壁面附近低能量气流与主流之间的掺混,从而向边界层注入动量;在第2阶段,等离子体诱导涡与来流相互耦合,产生了一个相对封闭的区域,形成了虚拟形变,从而改变了翼型前缘形状;在第3阶段,壁面拟序结构将诱导动量从翼型前缘输运到翼型后缘。研究结果为建立基于等离子体激励的无人机阵风减缓技术提供了方法支撑。

关键词: 阵风, 流动控制, 等离子体, 介质阻挡放电, 无人机

Abstract:

Motivated by the demand of alleviating the impact of gusts during aircraft takeoff and landing, experimental investigations on an airfoil of GAW-1 gust alleviation using a symmetrically arranged dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator were carried out in a low-speed wind tunnel with the help of force measurement, pressure measurement, and high-speed particle image velocimetry. The effect of gust alleviation using the plasma actuator was quantitatively evaluated, and the flow control mechanism of was revealed. The symmetrical plasma actuator which can be capable of producing a bi-direction quasi-wall jet with approximately equal velocities was mounted at the leading-edge of airfoil. The results indicated that the separation flow around the airfoil can be suppressed, and the stall angle of attack can be delayed by the plasma actuator under the gust environment. The stall angle of attack was delayed by 2° and the maximum lift coefficient was increased by 12% after plasma actuation. Meanwhile, the pressure oscillations caused by gusts can be suppressed by the plasma actuator, leading to the gust alleviation. Two typical flow structures, namely spanwise vortices and coherent structures are generated by the plasma actuator. The induced spanwise vortices near the leading-edge of airfoil and the induced coherent structures in the vicinity of the wall surface play an important role in the gust alleviation. The process of gust alleviation based on plasma actuation can be divided into three stages. Initially, the induced vortices can promote the mixing between low-energy airflow near the wall and the mainstream, thereby injecting momentum into the boundary layer during the first stage. In the second stage, a relatively enclosed region produced by the interaction between the induced vortices and the incoming flow was established and was able to create virtual aero-shaping, thereby changing the shape of the leading edge of the airfoil. Finally, a series of coherent structures transported induced momentum from the leading edge of the airfoil to the trailing edge in the third stage. The present results provide methodological support for establishing the gust alleviation technology for unmanned aerial vehicles based on plasma actuation.

Key words: gust, flow control, plasma, dielectric barrier discharge, unmanned aerial vehicle

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