航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (21): 532330-532330   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32330

中国飞机强度研究所建所 60 周年专刊

内聚力模型在飞机金属薄壁结构断裂模拟中的应用进展

郭润杰1, 鲁龙坤1,2(), 周子康1, 王生楠1   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
    2.强度与结构完整性全国重点实验室,西安 710072
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-30 修回日期:2025-06-17 接受日期:2025-07-18 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2025-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 鲁龙坤 E-mail:lulongkun@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(12372083);国家自然科学基金(12002182);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(G2023KY05104)

Progress in application of cohesive zone model in fracture simulation of aircraft metallic thin-walled structures

Runjie GUO1, Longkun LU1,2(), Zikang ZHOU1, Shengnan WANG1   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity,Xi’an 710072,China
  • Received:2025-05-30 Revised:2025-06-17 Accepted:2025-07-18 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2025-07-25
  • Contact: Longkun LU E-mail:lulongkun@nwpu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(12372083);The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(G2023KY05104)

摘要:

内聚力模型(CZM)参数设置简便、数值稳定性高,并能有效模拟复杂裂纹扩展行为,在飞机金属薄壁结构的剩余强度评估中展现出重要价值。围绕CZM的牵引-分离定律(TSL),系统梳理了典型TSL曲线的几何特征、初始刚度、关键参数的物理意义,对比分析了不同TSL形状在金属延性断裂模拟中的适用性、差异性。在此基础上,综述了内聚参数的试验测量方法、数值反演技术,探讨了参数选取对有限元模拟精度的影响。此外,针对CZM的数值实现方式,分类阐述了二维内聚单元、壳单元、三维内聚单元3种建模策略,并对比了各自的优缺点。通过典型工程案例,验证了CZM在金属薄壁结构断裂模拟中的可行性与适用性。展望未来,为进一步提升内聚力模型在金属薄壁结构中的应用水平,亟需解决两大关键科学问题:不同TSL形状下内聚参数的定量关系、TSL参数与微观损伤的关联机制。

关键词: 内聚力模型, 牵引分离定律, 金属薄壁结构, 韧性断裂, 飞机结构

Abstract:

The Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) demonstrates significant value in the residual strength assessment of aircraft metallic thin-walled structures because of its straightforward parameter setting, high numerical stability, and ability to effectively simulate complex crack propagation behavior. This paper focuses on its Traction-Separation Law (TSL), systematically reviewing the geometric characteristics of typical TSL curves, initial stiffness, and the physical significance of key parameters. It also compares and analyses the applicability and differences among various TSL forms in simulating ductile fracture of metals. Building on this, this paper summarizes experimental measurement methods and numerical inversion techniques for cohesive parameters, and explores the influence of parameter selection on the accuracy of finite element simulations. Furthermore, regarding the numerical implementation of CZM, this paper categorizes and explains three modelling strategies: two-dimensional cohesive elements, shell elements, and three-dimensional cohesive elements, comparing their respective advantages and disadvantages. Through typical engineering case studies, the feasibility and applicability of CZM in simulating fracture in metallic thin-walled structures are validated. Looking ahead, to further enhance the application level of the cohesive zone model in metallic thin-walled structures, two critical scientific problems urgently need to be addressed: the quantitative relationship between cohesive parameters under different TSL shapes, and the correlation mechanism between TSL parameters and microscopic damage mechanisms.

Key words: cohesive zone model, traction-separation law, metallic thin-walled structure, ductile fracture, aircraft structure

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