氧化铁/聚四氟乙烯对铝水推进剂燃烧性能影响-金属燃料推进剂技术专栏

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33343

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氧化铁/聚四氟乙烯对铝水推进剂燃烧性能影响-金属燃料推进剂技术专栏

舒瑶¹,张毅铭²,吴秋³,刘佩进⁴,敖文⁴

1. 西北工业大学航天学院
2. 航天动力技术研究院
3. 西安航天动力技术研究所
4. 西北工业大学

收稿日期:2026-01-07 修回日期:2026-04-12 出版日期:2026-04-14 发布日期:2026-04-14
通讯作者: 敖文

Effect of Iron Oxide/Polytetrafluoroethylene on the Combustion Performance of Aluminum-Water Propellant

Received:2026-01-07 Revised:2026-04-12 Online:2026-04-14 Published:2026-04-14
Contact: Wen AO

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 相比于常规固体推进剂，铝水推进剂存在成本低、产物环境友好等优点，因此被视作是新一代绿色推进剂。铝水推进剂在实际应用中存在燃烧效率低、产物残留多等一系列问题。本文通过引入金属氧化物氧化铁与氟聚物聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）对原料铝粉进行改性，系统研究了添加剂对铝水推进剂热分解行为、燃烧特性及铝颗粒团聚的影响规律。研究结果表明，氧化铁和PTFE均能显著提升推进剂的升温速率、燃烧强度、燃速和燃烧效率，并有效抑制铝颗粒团聚其中，Fe2O3对燃速的促进效果最佳可提升82%，燃烧产物平均粒径最高下降53.2%，燃烧效率提高9.6%。PTFE促进燃速最高提升63%，燃烧产物平均粒径最高下降46%。本研究可以为先进铝水推进剂的配方优化提供了新思路和实验依据。

关键词: 铝水推进剂, 燃烧性能, 铝团聚, 燃烧产物

Abstract: Compared with conventional solid propellants, aluminum-water propellant offers advantages such as low cost and environmentally friendly combustion products, positioning it as a new-generation green propellant. However, in practical applications, aluminum-water propellant suffers from a series of issues including low combustion efficiency and excessive product residues. In this study, the raw aluminum powder was modified by introducing iron(III) oxide (Fe?O?) and the fluoropolymer polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as additives. The effects of these additives on the thermal decomposition behavior, combustion characteristics, and aluminum particle agglomeration of aluminum-water propellant were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that both Fe?O? and PTFE significantly enhance the heating rate, combustion intensity, burning rate, and combustion efficiency of the propellant, while effectively inhibiting aluminum particle agglomeration. Specifically, Fe?O? exhibits the most pronounced promoting effect on burning rate, achieving an increase of up to 82%, along with a maximum reduction of 53.2% in the average diameter of combustion products and a 9.6% improvement in combustion efficiency. PTFE increases the burning rate by up to 63% and reduces the average combustion product diameter by a maximum of 46%. This study provides new insights and experimental evidence for the formulation optimization of advanced aluminum-water propellants.

Key words: Aluminum water propellant, Combustion performance, Aluminum agglomeration, Combustion products

舒瑶张毅铭吴秋刘佩进敖文. 氧化铁/聚四氟乙烯对铝水推进剂燃烧性能影响-金属燃料推进剂技术专栏[J]. 航空学报, doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.33343.

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

氧化铁/聚四氟乙烯对铝水推进剂燃烧性能影响-金属燃料推进剂技术专栏

Effect of Iron Oxide/Polytetrafluoroethylene on the Combustion Performance of Aluminum-Water Propellant

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