关键词: 航空拖曳系统, 多体动力学, 结构设计, 动态特性, 机动飞行

Abstract: To address the challenges of nonlinear dynamics and attitude stability control in airborne towed detection coil array systems, this paper proposes a high-fidelity dynamic modeling and "steady-state design-dynamics" integrated analysis method. The method first employs the lumped mass method to discretize the cable system and combines six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) rigid body theory to model the detection coils, constructing a complete rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model. Furthermore, a steady-state flight configuration is designed based on static equilibrium theory. After validation through field flight tests, the unstretched lengths of all cables are back-calculated using the displacement method and a progressive analysis approach, thereby precisely resolving the difficulties in system design and determining simulation initial conditions for the complex model. Simulations under three typical severe disturbance conditions indicate that: under constant velocity increment, a gentler acceleration strategy with a lower peak and more dispersed duration more effectively suppresses attitude disturbances and tension impacts; a rear aerodynamic membrane enhances dynamic maneuvering stability, but subject to the coupling effects of membrane self-weight and environmental airflow disturbances, it faces constraints regarding static attitude offset and increased structural loads; the severity of lateral disturbances is primarily dominated by the perpendicular crosswind component; and in complex maneuvers such as turning, the geometric configuration of the tower structure endows the system with self-stability, although high-speed maneuvers still significantly increase lateral swing amplitude and structural loads.

Key words: aerial towed system, multibody dynamics, structural design, dynamic characteristics, maneuvering flight