燃料电池无人机混合电源系统稳定性及功率控制方法研究

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30032

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燃料电池无人机混合电源系统稳定性及功率控制方法研究

邓舒豪¹,雷涛²,金贤球¹,陈俊祥³,黄代文⁴,张晓斌¹

1. 西北工业大学
2. 西北工业大学自动化学院
3. 中国航空工业集团公司成都飞机设计研究所
4. 航空工业成都飞机设计研究院

收稿日期:2023-12-27 修回日期:2024-03-28 出版日期:2024-04-03 发布日期:2024-04-03
通讯作者: 邓舒豪
基金资助:
国家自然基金;航空基金

Research on stability and power control method of hybrid power system of fuel cell UAV

Received:2023-12-27 Revised:2024-03-28 Online:2024-04-03 Published:2024-04-03
Contact: Shu-Hao DENG

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 论文针对燃料电池/锂电池混合电动无人机电推进能源系统稳定性问题开展分析。依据无人机直流微网架构确定了电推进系统带恒功率负载的稳定边界条件，并对燃直流微电网系统进行功率优化控制。根据燃料电池无人机典型飞行任务剖面，采用燃料电池/锂电池并联式混合电源作为电推进系统的供电单元，基于机载电推进恒功率负载的负阻抗特性，开展直流微电网系统小信号和大信号稳定性分析。利用混合势函数法得到电源系统稳定边界条件，通过增加超级电容提高系统大信号稳定域。为了优化控制系统功率响应，设计了基于规则状态机的能量管理策略，推导出系统稳定边界条件与功率优化控制之间的约束关系。搭建数字仿真模型和设计半物理实时仿真验证平台，仿真结果表明所提出的增加虚拟电阻与超级电容的控制方法，具有较好的系统稳定性和功率优化控制效果。

关键词: 燃料电池无人机, 恒功率负载, 能量管理策略, 稳定性分析, 功率控制

Abstract: The paper analyzes the stability issues of the fuel cell/lithium battery hybrid electric propulsion energy system for UAVs. Based on the UAV's DC microgrid architecture, the stable boundary conditions with constant power load for the electric propulsion system are determined, and power optimization control is carried out for the DC microgrid system. According to the typical flight mission profiles of fuel cell UAVs, a fuel cell/lithium battery parallel hybrid power source is used as the power supply unit for the electric propulsion system. Based on the negative impedance characteristics of the onboard electric propulsion constant power load, small signal and large signal stability analyses of the DC microgrid system are conducted. The stable boundary conditions of the power supply system are obtained using the hybrid potential function method, and the system's large signal stability domain is improved by adding supercapacitor. To optimize the power response of the control system, an energy management strategy based on a rule-based state machine is designed, and the constraint relationship between the stable boundary conditions and power optimization control is derived. A digital simulation model is built, and a semi-physical real-time simulation verification platform is designed. Simulation results show that the proposed control method of adding virtual resistance and supercapacitor has good system stability and power optimization control effects.

Key words: fuel cell UAV, constant power load, energy management strategies, stability analysis, power control

中图分类号:

V237

邓舒豪雷涛金贤球陈俊祥黄代文张晓斌. 燃料电池无人机混合电源系统稳定性及功率控制方法研究[J]. 航空学报, doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30032.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

燃料电池无人机混合电源系统稳定性及功率控制方法研究

Research on stability and power control method of hybrid power system of fuel cell UAV

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