基于压缩感知的叶端定时信号参数辨识方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2020.24229

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基于压缩感知的叶端定时信号参数辨识方法

许敬晖^1,2, 乔百杰^1,2, 滕光蓉³, 杨志勃^1,2, 陈雪峰^1,2

1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院, 西安 710049;
2. 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室, 西安 710049;
3. 中国航空发动机有限公司四川燃气涡轮研究院, 成都 610500

收稿日期:2020-05-15 修回日期:2020-10-28 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2020-11-27
通讯作者: 乔百杰 E-mail:qiao1224@xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（52075414，51705397）；国家科技重大专项（2017-V-0009）；国家重点研发计划（2020YFB2010800）

Parameter identification of blade tip timing signal using compressed sensing

XU Jinghui^1,2, QIAO Baijie^1,2, TENG Guangrong³, YANG Zhibo^1,2, CHEN Xuefeng^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
2. The State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
3. Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Chengdu 610500, China

Received:2020-05-15 Revised:2020-10-28 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2020-11-27
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52075414, 51705397); National Science and Technology Major Project(2017-V-0009); National Key Research and Development Project (2020YFB2010800)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 叶端定时技术作为一种非接触式测量手段，在实际应用中的主要问题之一是测量信号欠采样。压缩感知方法是解决信号欠采样问题的有效手段，但由于求解过程中引入了正则化项，在提高稀疏度时，降低了幅值重构精度，而转子叶片振动幅值参数的准确辨识对于叶片动应力重构具有重要意义。将叶片振动方程设计矩阵与压缩感知字典相结合，在不依赖先验信息的条件下对叶片振动参数进行辨识。首先，根据振动方程设计矩阵形式及关注的最大振动频率，构造压缩感知字典；其次，通过叶端定时信号稀疏表示中的非零元素所在位置，从压缩感知字典中提取对应原子构成设计矩阵进而求得振动参数；接着，叶端定时（BTT）模拟仿真结果表明，所提方法可有效辨识叶片单模态、多模态振动参数；最后，开展旋转叶片振动测试试验，同时利用应变片和叶端定时系统采集振动信号，结果表明，与应变片测量结果相比，提出的方法振动频率辨识相对误差仅为0.14%；对比4个叶片的位移-应变传递比，其中偏离均值的最大百分比仅为2.15%。

关键词: 叶端定时, 压缩感知, 幅值辨识, 频率辨识, 转子叶片

Abstract: Despite the wide application of the blade tip timing as a non-contact measurement technique, its acquired displacement signal is undersampled in many situations. Compressed sensing is an effective means to reconstruct the undersampled signal. However, the reconstruction process introduces the regularization penalty to achieve sparsity, reducing the amplitude accuracy of the reconstructed signal at the same time, and affecting the accurate identification of blade vibration amplitude, which is highly significant in reconstructing the dynamic stress of the blade. This paper combines the design matrix of the blade vibration equation and the compressed sensing dictionary to identify parameters of the blade vibration equation without prior information. First, a compressed sensing dictionary is constructed according to the form of design matrix elements and the maximum vibration frequency of interests. Second, atoms are extracted from the dictionary according to the indices of non-zero elements in the sparse representation of the blade tip timing signal, and parameters of the vibration equation are calculated. Third, Blade Tip Timing (BTT) simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately identify parameters of the vibration equation with both single-mode and multi-mode vibrations. Finally, experimental results of rotor blades show that the relative error of the identified natural frequency between using strain gage and using blade tip timing with compressed sensing is only 0.14%; the transmissibility of blade tip displacement to certain points strain of the four blades is compared and the maximum percentage of deviation from the mean is only 2.15%.

Key words: blade tip timing, compressed sensing, amplitude identification, natural frequency identification, rotor blades

中图分类号:

V231.92

许敬晖, 乔百杰, 滕光蓉, 杨志勃, 陈雪峰. 基于压缩感知的叶端定时信号参数辨识方法[J]. 航空学报, 2021, 42(5): 524229-524229.

XU Jinghui, QIAO Baijie, TENG Guangrong, YANG Zhibo, CHEN Xuefeng. Parameter identification of blade tip timing signal using compressed sensing[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2021, 42(5): 524229-524229.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

基于压缩感知的叶端定时信号参数辨识方法

Parameter identification of blade tip timing signal using compressed sensing

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