铝合金厚板FSW焊缝成形及金属流动行为分析

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0061

材料工程与机械制造

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铝合金厚板FSW焊缝成形及金属流动行为分析

毛育青^1,2, 柯黎明^1,2, 刘奋成¹, 陈玉华¹

1. 南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室, 南昌 330063;
2. 西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室, 西安 710072

收稿日期:2016-01-11 修回日期:2016-03-02 出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2016-03-11
通讯作者: 柯黎明,男,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:先进连接技术,搅拌摩擦焊,钎焊,扩散焊及金属基复合材料制备。Tel.:0791-83863015,E-mail:liming_ke@126.com E-mail:liming_ke@126.com
作者简介:毛育青,男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:先进连接技术,搅拌摩擦焊,金属基复合材料制备。E-mail:maoyuqing-8888@163.com;柯黎明,男,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:先进连接技术,搅拌摩擦焊,钎焊,扩散焊及金属基复合材料制备。Tel.:0791-83863015,E-mail:liming_ke@126.com;刘奋成,男,博士,副教授。主要研究方向:激光增材制造(3D打印),钎焊。Tel.:0791-83863028,E-mail:fencheng999@163.com;陈玉华,男,博士,教授。主要研究方向:激光焊,搅拌摩擦焊。Tel.:0791-83863023,E-mail:ch.yu.hu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51265043，51265042）；江西省高等学校科技落地计划（KJLD13055，KJLD12074）

Weld formation and material flow behavior in FSW thick aluminum alloy plates

MAO Yuqing^1,2, KE Liming^1,2, LIU Fencheng¹, CHEN Yuhua¹

1. National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China

Received:2016-01-11 Revised:2016-03-02 Online:2016-11-15 Published:2016-03-11
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51265043, 51265042); Landed Plan of Science and Technology in Colleges and Universities of Jiangxi Province (KGLD13055, KJLD12074)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用三角平面圆锥形搅拌针焊接20 mm厚的铝板，分析工艺参数对焊缝成形及金属流动特征影响。随着旋转速度增加，单位时间内金属迁移量增大，焊核区面积增加，疏松区面积减小至消失；而过大的旋转速度反而使疏松缺陷再次出现。适当减小焊接速度，增大单位长度内焊缝热输入，改善焊缝成形，但焊接速度过小易导致焊缝上部受热过多，疏松区及内部孔洞变大。在合适的参数下焊接时，瞬时空腔的出现可使更多塑化金属绕搅拌针做圆周迁移，即提高了沿水平方向的“抽吸-挤压”效应，改善了金属流动性，减少甚至消除焊缝内部缺陷。

关键词: 搅拌摩擦焊, 工艺参数, 7075铝合金, 焊缝成形, 塑性流动

Abstract:

7075-T6 aluminum alloys of a thickness of 20 mm are friction stir welded using a tapered pin with three flats, and the effect of process parameters on weld formation and local flow characteristic are investigated. With the increase of the rotation speed, the area of nugget increases due to the increase of the amount of plastic metal migration in unit time, and the area of loose zone decreases and even disappears. When the rotation speed is too high, the loose defect emerges again. Decreasing the welding speed appropriately can improve the weld quality by increasing the heat input in unit length, and the defect is gone. A lower welding speed causes a bigger loose zone and many internal voids because of more heat input. In the welding under appropriate parameters, more plastic materials horizontally migrate around the rotary pin with the appearance of the temporary cavity, and the "sucking-extruding" effect along the horizontal direction can thus be enhanced, improving the flowability and eliminating the internal defects.

Key words: friction stir welding, process parameters, aluminum alloy 7075, weld quality, plastic flow

中图分类号:

V252.2

毛育青, 柯黎明, 刘奋成, 陈玉华. 铝合金厚板FSW焊缝成形及金属流动行为分析[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(11): 3546-3553.

MAO Yuqing, KE Liming, LIU Fencheng, CHEN Yuhua. Weld formation and material flow behavior in FSW thick aluminum alloy plates[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2016, 37(11): 3546-3553.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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铝合金厚板FSW焊缝成形及金属流动行为分析

Weld formation and material flow behavior in FSW thick aluminum alloy plates

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