基于分布式地面站天线的空间功率合成

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0001

电子与控制

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基于分布式地面站天线的空间功率合成

张可, 刘增军, 聂俊伟, 朱祥维, 孙广富

国防科学技术大学电子科学与工程学院, 长沙 410073

收稿日期:2015-06-12 修回日期:2016-01-04 出版日期:2016-06-15 发布日期:2016-01-08
通讯作者: 张可男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:卫星导航定位技术。Tel:0731-84576541 E-mail:zhane0915@163.com E-mail:zhane0915@163.com
作者简介:孙广富男,博士,研究员,博士生导师。主要研究方向:卫星导航定位技术。Tel:0731-84576541 E-mail:sunguangfu_nnc@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61403413)

Spatial power combining based on distributed antennas in Earth station

ZHANG Ke, LIU Zengjun, NIE Junwei, ZHU Xiangwei, SUN Guangfu

College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Received:2015-06-12 Revised:2016-01-04 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2016-01-08
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (61403413)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

卫星导航系统(GNSS)地面站天线对卫星进行上行注入时,信号到达卫星时较弱,容易受到干扰,故地面站注入天线需同时具备平时多目标注入和干扰时单目标功率增强的能力。利用卫星导航系统中地面站之间能够实现精密时间同步的特点,提出了一种基于分布式卫星导航地面站抛物面天线的空间功率合成方法,使用相位预补偿实现分布式天线阵到达目标卫星信号的相位粗同步;分析了相位误差、辐射功率误差对空间功率合成效率的影响,得到了阵元初始相位标定精度与相对定位精度的约束关系;并对合成信号的抗干扰能力和信号质量进行了研究。理论和仿真结果表明,当相位精度因子小于0.2时,4个等辐射功率天线在10°仰角以上波束扫描范围内的功率合成效率均在75%以上,且可以通过控制初始相位标定精度与相对定位精度实现更高的合成效率;而在合成效率要求75%以上时,天线辐射功率误差对合成效率的影响基本可以忽略。采用分布式波束扫描天线能够对地面站上行注入进行功率增强,可实现注入波束和功率的灵活配置,有效解决制约机动式和小型化地面站功率提升的瓶颈问题。

关键词: 卫星导航, 分布式天线, 波束扫描, 相位预补偿, 合成效率

Abstract:

Signal uploaded by Earth station of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is weak when reaching satellite, and it is vulnerable to interference, then the antennas have the demand of multi-target uploading in peacetime and single target enhancing in jamming-time. A kind of spatial power combining is presented to enhance the upload signal using distributed antenna in Earth station since earth stations in GNSS are time synchronized with high precision. The upload signals at receiver on satellite are phase course synchronized with phase pre-compensation. Then the impact of phase error and power error on power combining efficiency is analyzed, so we obtain the constraint relationship between initial phase measure precision and relative positioning precision under certain efficiency. Also the quality and ant-jamming of synthesized signal in the receiver are analyzed. The theoretical and simulation results show that, when initial phase measure precision and relative positioning precision are both less than 0.2, the combining efficiency of 4 elements is more than 75% among the scan elevation range of over 10° and can be improved when the higher initial phase measure precision and relative positioning precision are available. But the transmiting power error can hardly affect the combining efficiency when efficiency larger than 75% is demanded. Distributed beam scanning antenna can enhance the power of the upload signal, so it can provide a solution to power enhancement suffered by self-propelled and miniaturized Earth station by arraying distributed antennas to achieve flexible combining and configurations of beam and power.

Key words: satellite navigation, distributed antennas, beam scan, phase pre-compensation, combining efficiency

中图分类号:

张可, 刘增军, 聂俊伟, 朱祥维, 孙广富. 基于分布式地面站天线的空间功率合成[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(6): 1912-1920.

ZHANG Ke, LIU Zengjun, NIE Junwei, ZHU Xiangwei, SUN Guangfu. Spatial power combining based on distributed antennas in Earth station[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2016, 37(6): 1912-1920.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

基于分布式地面站天线的空间功率合成

Spatial power combining based on distributed antennas in Earth station

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