复杂通道类零件五轴加工刀轴规划

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0486

材料工程与机械制造

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复杂通道类零件五轴加工刀轴规划

李祥宇¹, 任军学¹, 梁永收¹, 田荣鑫¹, 李垒栋²

1. 西北工业大学现代设计与集成制造技术教育部重点实验室, 陕西西安 710072;
2. 北京动力机械研究所, 北京 100074

收稿日期:2013-10-18 修回日期:2013-12-05 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2013-12-10
通讯作者: 任军学，Tel.：029-88495232 E-mail：rjx1968@nwpu.edu.cn E-mail:rjx1968@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介:李祥宇男，博士研究生。主要研究方向：复杂曲面的计算机辅助几何设计及多坐标数控加工理论，叶片叶盘类零件高效精密自适应加工。E-mail：1lixiangyu1@mail.nwpu.edu.cn；任军学男，博士，教授，博士生导师。主要研究方向：计算机辅助技术，现代集成制造技术。Tel：029-88495232 E-mail：rjx1968@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2013ZX04011031）；国家自然科学基金（51005184，51375393）；航空科学基金（2012ZE53061，2013ZE53060）

Tool Axis Planning for Five-axis Machining of Complex Channel Parts

LI Xiangyu¹, REN Junxue¹, LIANG Yongshou¹, TIAN Rongxin¹, LI Leidong²

1. The Key Laboratory of Contemporary Design and Integrated Manufacturing Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
2. Beijing Power Machinery Institute, Beijing 100074, China

Received:2013-10-18 Revised:2013-12-05 Online:2014-09-25 Published:2013-12-10
Supported by:
National Science and Technology Major Project(2013ZX04011031); National Natural Science Foundation of China (51005184, 51375393); Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (2012ZE53061, 2013ZE53060)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对复杂通道类零件的五轴数控加工，提出一种控制刀轴稳定变化的刀轴规划方法。首先，通过对刀轴可行空间的均匀离散，建立一种高效求解刀轴可行空间精细边界的方法；然后，依据刀轴矢量规划准则，求解满足机床角加速度约束的可行刀轴序列集合，并提出一种切削行内旋转坐标线性变化的刀轴矢量规划方法；最后，通过建立刀轴变化和残留高度综合评价指标，得到优化的刀轴矢量，并与典型的商用软件进行了实验对比验证。结果表明，使用本文提出的刀轴规划方法得到的切削行刀位轨迹旋转坐标变化均匀，旋转轴角加速度最大值降低到商用软件的10%以下，残留高度平均值降低了22%，改善了切削过程的稳定性，提高了加工表面质量。

关键词: 计算机辅助制造, 复杂通道, 五轴加工, 刀轴规划, 刀轴可行空间, 加工稳定性

Abstract:

A new method of planning is proposed to obtain a stably changing tool axis in five-axis machining of complex channel parts. First, an efficient approach to obtain the accurate boundary of the feasible space of tool axis is established by dispersing the feasible space uniformly. Secondly, according to the proposed planning criteria, the feasible spaces of a tool axis are calculated which satisfy the constraints of the angular acceleration of the machine tool along a tool path, and a method is proposed to make the rotational coordinates change linearly. Finally, considering both the proposed tool axis planning method and the desired scallop height, tool axis vectors are determined and then compared with the results of a commercial software, which shows that the proposed method obtains linearly changing rotational coordinates along a tool path. The maximum angular acceleration of the rotational axis and the average of the scallop height of machined surfaces are reduced respectively to lower than 10% and by 22% of the commercial software. The machining stability and machined surface quality are also obviously improved.

Key words: computer aided manufacturing, complex channel, five-axis machining, tool axis planning, feasible space of tool axis, machining stability

中图分类号:

李祥宇, 任军学, 梁永收, 田荣鑫, 李垒栋. 复杂通道类零件五轴加工刀轴规划[J]. 航空学报, 2014, 35(9): 2641-2651.

LI Xiangyu, REN Junxue, LIANG Yongshou, TIAN Rongxin, LI Leidong. Tool Axis Planning for Five-axis Machining of Complex Channel Parts[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2014, 35(9): 2641-2651.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

复杂通道类零件五轴加工刀轴规划

Tool Axis Planning for Five-axis Machining of Complex Channel Parts

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