基于视场映射模型的GEO目标观测覆盖性分析

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31570

Abstract

Abstract:

Geostationary Orbit （GEO） spacecraft are critical space assets and pivotal in space situational awareness. This paper addresses China‍’‍s space security requirements by conducting coverage analysis of high-orbit space targets from a space-based observation platform. Initially， a novel load element model for space-based observation platforms is introduced， alongside an equation for GEO target observation. Solving this equation delineates the field of view mapping domain on a two-dimensional plane， with the trajectory of the platform represented as a line segment. This reformulates the observation window issue for GEO targets into a trajectory intersection problem on the plane. To address the issue of quasi GEO target coverage analysis， we propose the concept of equivalent Earth rotation angular velocity and improve the field of view mapping domain method for solution. Additionally， the concept of a multi-star relative field of view mapping domain is introduced， extending the single-star coverage analysis to constellation coverage scenarios. Extensive simulation experiments reveal that the visible window calculation error of the proposed method is smaller than 0.1 s when compared to STK calculations， thereby validating effectiveness of the proposed model and method.

Key words: GEO target, space-based observation resources, situational awareness, mapping domain, visibility calculation

CLC Number:

V474.2

Yi GU, Huilin WANG, Hehe GUO, Guohua WU, Zhiqiang ZENG. Analysis of GEO target observation coverage based on field of view mapping model[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(15): 331570.

Figures/Tables 19

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Table 1

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Table 3

Comparison of results between long-term/short-term J2 orbit prediction models

观测目标	数值积分结果/s		误差/s
观测目标	起始时间	结束时间	起始时间	结束时间
G1	8 898.728	9 451.863	$-$ 0.003 9	$-$ 0.008 5
	48 822.683	49 229.827	0.064 5	$-$ 0.011 0
	54 886.238	55 220.068	$-$ 0.086 5	0.139 4
G2	24 288.210	24 761.893	$-$ 0.044 8	0.037 7
	30 472.099	30 630.911	0.120 6	$-$ 0.134 8
	70 126.754	70 680.704	0.019 8	0.044 1
G3	24 210.061	24 719.938	0.010 8	$-$ 0.026 9
	64 061.166	64 569.878	0.073 3	0.004 8

Table 3

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观测目标	轨迹相交法/s			STK/s			绝对误差/s
观测目标	起始时间	结束时间	时长	起始时间	结束时间	时长	绝对误差/s
G1	8 898.724	9 451.855	553.131	8 898.724	9 451.847	553.123	0.003 8
	48 822.748	49 229.816	407.068	48 822.715	49 229.806	407.091	0.020 9
	54 886.151	55 220.208	334.057	54 886.167	55 220.169	334.002	0.027 3
G2	24 288.166	24 761.931	473.765	24 288.148	24 761.926	473.778	0.011 1
	30 472.220	30 630.776	158.556	30 472.259	30 630.722	158.463	0.046 7
	70 126.774	70 680.748	553.974	70 126.758	70 680.724	553.966	0.019 9
G3	24 210.072	24 719.911	509.839	24 210.072	24 719.897	509.825	0.007 2
	64 061.240	64 569.883	508.643	64 061.207	64 569.866	508.658	0.024 7

观测载荷	轨迹相交法/s			STK/s			绝对误差/s
观测载荷	起始时间	结束时间	时长	起始时间	结束时间	时长	绝对误差/s
圆锥载荷	24 129.537	24 919.834	790.297	24 129.524	24 919.824	790.300	0.011 5
圆锥载荷	30 223.582	30 880.763	657.182	30 223.590	30 880.744	657.154	0.013 7
	64 196.040	64 563.843	367.803	64 195.974	64 563.840	367.866	0.034 4
	69 984.244	70 823.445	839.202	69 984.224	70 823.418	839.194	0.023 7
矩形载荷	24 235.854	24 794.190	558.335	24 235.849	24 794.175	558.326	0.009 8
矩形载荷	30 292.713	30 688.857	396.144	30 292.711	30 688.724	396.013	0.067 6
	70 126.269	70 686.049	559.780	70 126.252	70 686.027	559.775	0.019 2
六边形载荷	24 395.352	24 644.376	249.023	24 395.336	24 644.369	249.033	0.011 3
六边形载荷	70 209.336	70 588.334	378.998	70 209.329	70 588.304	378.975	0.018 6

目标-半长轴/km	轨迹相交法/s			STK/s			绝对误差/s
目标-半长轴/km	起始时间	结束时间	时长	起始时间	结束时间	时长	绝对误差/s
G4-20000	5 868.464	6 566.342	697.878	5 868.454	6 566.337	697.884	0.007 5
	21 007.266	21 864.039	856.773	21 007.262	21 864.028	856.766	0.007 9
	36 284.896	37 024.900	740.004	36 284.895	37 024.878	739.983	0.011 1
	76 280.168	76 978.319	698.151	76 280.123	76 978.292	698.170	0.035 6
G5-25000	11 757.050	12 568.449	811.399	11 757.056	12 568.436	811.380	0.009 7
	27 345.479	27 992.436	646.957	27 345.452	27 992.427	646.975	0.017 9
	48 547.511	49 485.391	937.879	48 547.488	49 485.369	937.880	0.022 6
	69 907.449	70 833.634	926.185	69 907.439	70 833.607	926.168	0.018 1
G6-35000	12 045.128	12 681.837	636.709	12 045.106	12 681.838	636.731	0.011 3
	17 811.749	18 875.710	1 063.961	17 811.748	18 875.699	1 063.951	0.005 5
	45 592.987	46 429.200	836.213	45 592.953	46 429.185	836.232	0.024 5
	51 488.188	52 504.129	1 015.940	51 488.189	52 504.105	1 015.916	0.012 3
	79 182.383	80 139.768	957.385	79 182.342	80 139.736	957.394	0.035 9
	85 181.964	86 112.876	930.912	85 181.965	86 112.844	930.879	0.016 3

卫星序号	轨道圈次	轨迹相交法/s			STK/s			绝对误差/s
卫星序号	轨道圈次	起始时间	结束时间	时长	起始时间	结束时间	时长	绝对误差/s
Sat1	4	24 129.537	24 919.834	790.297	24 129.524	24 919.824	790.300	0.011 4
	5	30 223.582	30 880.763	657.181	30 223.590	30 880.744	657.154	0.013 6
	11	64 196.039	64 563.844	367.805	64 195.974	64 563.840	367.866	0.034 3
	12	69 984.243	70 823.445	839.202	69 984.224	70 823.418	839.194	0.023 6
Sat2	4	22 678.828	23 358.310	679.482	22 678.813	23 358.302	679.489	0.011 3
	5	28 656.650	29 435.877	779.227	28 656.649	29 435.860	779.212	0.008 8
	12	68 480.607	69 312.255	831.648	68 480.584	69 312.230	831.646	0.023 7
	13	74 681.357	75 162.086	480.729	74 681.381	75 162.039	480.659	0.035 2
Sat3	4	21 287.393	21 741.185	453.792	21 287.366	21 741.189	453.824	0.015 7
	5	27 122.145	27 956.319	834.175	27 122.140	27 956.304	834.164	0.009 6
	11	67 003.471	67 775.456	771.985	67 003.439	67 775.431	771.992	0.028 4
	12	73 071.305	73 763.199	691.894	73 071.309	73 763.166	691.856	0.018 7
Sat4	5	25 613.016	26 450.609	837.593	25 613.010	26 450.597	837.587	0.008 7
	6	31 854.590	32 257.657	403.067	31 854.613	32 257.622	403.010	0.028 7
	11	65 562.310	66 205.068	642.758	65 562.265	66 205.048	642.783	0.032 0
	12	71 512.819	72 309.226	796.406	71 512.811	72 309.200	796.389	0.016 9

卫星序号	轨道圈次	轨迹相交法/s			STK/s			绝对误差/s
卫星序号	轨道圈次	起始时间	结束时间	时长	起始时间	结束时间	时长	绝对误差/s
Sat1	3	18 152.227	18 551.807	399.580	18 152.225	18 551.797	399.573	0.005 7
	9	51 813.309	52 211.144	397.835	51 813.300	52 211.132	397.832	0.010 1
	13	79 441.024	79 836.821	395.797	79 440.991	79 836.785	395.794	0.034 6
	14	85 474.375	85 869.285	394.909	85 474.362	85 869.270	394.908	0.013 8
Sat2	3	16 643.157	17 043.313	400.156	16 643.152	17 043.302	400.150	0.007 9
	9	50 303.785	50 703.814	400.030	50 303.772	50 703.799	400.027	0.014 1
	14	83 964.781	84 363.608	398.827	83 964.765	84 363.587	398.822	0.018 0
Sat3	3	15 135.510	15 533.862	398.352	15 135.504	15 533.853	398.349	0.007 1
	8	48 795.079	49 194.910	399.831	48 795.065	49 194.889	399.824	0.017 0
	14	82 455.430	82 855.655	400.225	82 455.405	82 855.629	400.224	0.025 0
Sat4	3	13 639.152	14 024.312	385.159	13 639.084	14 024.301	385.217	0.039 7
	4	19 661.833	20 058.397	396.564	19 661.833	20 058.392	396.559	0.002 7
	8	47 288.114	47 685.332	397.218	47 288.094	47 685.308	397.214	0.021 5
	9	53 322.794	53 546.109	223.314	53 322.788	53 545.921	223.133	0.096 9
	14	80 947.186	81 346.435	399.249	80 947.156	81 346.403	399.247	0.030 7

Analysis of GEO target observation coverage based on field of view mapping model

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