介电弹性薄膜翼型的增升效应机理

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.28318

Abstract

Abstract:

Active morphing of bat wings can gain high maneuverability and efficiency in low Reynolds number flow， offering a novel aerodynamic design concept for smart aerocraft. Here， the dielectric elastic high polymer material is directly applied to the design of airfoil. A dielectric elastic membrane airfoil with semi-active control function is proposed based on the aero-electro-structural behaviors of dielectric elastic polymer actuators. The dynamic modeling of membrane wings is established according to the thermodynamics theory to describe complex electromechanical behaviors. As for fluid， a high-fidelity aero-electromagnetic-structural coupling model of the membrane wings is established using the high-precision CFD/CSD coupling technique and is verified afterwards. The results show that the lift of the dielectric elastic membrane airfoil under passive control is 12.33% higher than that of the rigid airfoil at an angle of attack of 14°， and that the contribution ratio of the cambered deformation and vibration effect of the airfoil to the lift enhancement is 3∶2. The dielectric elastic membrane airfoil under semi-active control shows a lift enhancement of more than 10% only at a specific voltage. The methods proposed and research conclusions will provide important technical support for aerodynamics and control design of smart aero-vehicles.

Key words: dielectric elastic membrane airfoil, multiphysical coupling, CFD/CSD coupling, flow control, lift enhancement effect

CLC Number:

V211.3

Wei KANG, Shilin HU, Yanqing WANG. Lift enhancement mechanism of dielectric elastic membrane airfoil[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(18): 128318.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Fig.4

Table 2

Fig.5

Fig. 6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Fig.14

Fig.15

References 24

1	MUELLER T J， DELAURIER J D. Aerodynamics of small vehicles［J］. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics， 2003， 35： 89-111.
2	SONG A， BREUER K. Dynamics of a compliant membrane as related to mammalian flight［C］∥45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston： AIAA， 2007.
3	ROJRATSIRIKUL P， WANG Z， GURSUL I. Unsteady fluid-structure interactions of membrane airfoils at low Reynolds numbers［J］. Experiments in Fluids， 2009， 46（5）： 859-872.
4	ROJRATSIRIKUL P， GENC M S， WANG Z， et al. Flow-induced vibrations of low aspect ratio rectangular membrane wings［J］. Journal of Fluids and Structures， 2011， 27（8）： 1296-1309.
5	SUN X J， ZHANG X Y， SU Z A， et al. Experimental study of aerodynamic characteristics of partially flexible NACA0012 airfoil［J］. AIAA Journal， 2022， 60（9）： 5386-5400.
6	HAYS M R， MORTON J， DICKINSON B， et al. Aerodynamic control of micro air vehicle wings using electroactive membranes［J］. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures， 2013， 24（7）： 862-878.
7	CURET O M， CARRERE A， WALDMAN R， et al. Aerodynamic characterization of a wing membrane with variable compliance［J］. AIAA Journal， 2014， 52（8）： 1749-1756.
8	LIAN Y S， SHYY W. Three-dimensional fluid-structure interactions of a membrane wing for micro air vehicle applications［C］∥Proceedings of the 44th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures， Structural Dynamics， and Materials Conference. Reston ： AIAA， 2003.
9	LIAN Y S， SHYY W， VIIERU D， et al. Membrane wing aerodynamics for micro air vehicles［J］. Progress in Aerospace Sciences， 2003， 39（6-7）： 425-465.
10	GORDNIER R E. High fidelity computational simulation of a membrane wing airfoil［J］. Journal of Fluids and Structures， 2009， 25（5）： 897-917.
11	MOLKI M， BREUER K. Oscillatory motions of a prestrained compliant membrane caused by fluid-membrane interaction［J］. Journal of Fluids and Structures， 2010， 26（3）： 339-358.
12	BUOSO S， PALACIOS R. Electro-aeromechanical modelling of actuated membrane wings［J］. Journal of Fluids and Structures， 2015， 58： 188-202.
13	BUOSO S， PALACIOS R. Viscoelastic effects in the aeromechanics of actuated elastomeric membrane wings［J］. Journal of Fluids and Structures， 2016， 63： 40-56.
14	白鹏，李锋，詹慧玲，等. 翼型低Re数小攻角非线性非定常层流分离现象研究［J］. 中国科学：物理学力学天文学， 2015， 45（2）： 46-57.
	BAI P， LI F， ZHAN H L， et al. Study about the non-linear and unsteady laminar separation phenomena around the airfoil at low Reynolds number with low incidence［J］. Scientia Sinica （Physica， Mechanica & Astronomica）， 2015， 45（2）： 46-57 （in Chinese）.
15	肖天航，昂海松，周新春. 柔性扑翼非定常流场的数值计算方法［J］. 航空学报， 2009， 30（6）： 990-999.
	XIAO T H， ANG H S， ZHOU X C. Numerical method for unsteady flows of flexible flapping-wings［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2009， 30（6）： 990-999 （in Chinese）.
16	孟令兵，昂海松，肖天航. 基于CFD/CSD方法的蜻蜓柔性翼气动特性分析［J］. 航空动力学报， 2014， 29（9）： 2063-2069.
	MENG L B， ANG H S， XIAO T H. Analysis of aerodynamic characteristics of flexible wing of dragonfly based on CFD/CSD method［J］. Journal of Aerospace Power， 2014， 29（9）： 2063-2069 （in Chinese）.
17	康伟，刘磊，徐敏，等. 低雷诺数下翼面局部振动增升机理研究［J］. 航空学报， 2015， 36（11）： 3557-3566.
	KANG W， LIU L， XU M， et al. Lift enhancement mechanism for local oscillation of airfoil surface at low Reynolds number［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2015， 36（11）： 3557-3566 （in Chinese）.
18	康伟，张家忠. 翼型局部弹性自激振动的增升减阻效应研究［J］. 西安交通大学学报， 2011， 45（5）： 94-101.
	KANG W， ZHANG J Z. Numerical analysis of lift enhancement and drag reduction by self-induced vibration of localized elastic airfoil［J］. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University， 2011， 45（5）： 94-101 （in Chinese）.
19	KANG W， XU M， YAO W G， et al. Lock-in mechanism of flow over a low-Reynolds-number airfoil with morphing surface［J］. Aerospace Science and Technology， 2020， 97： 105647.
20	袁先旭，陈坚强，杜雁霞，等. 国家数值风洞（NNW）工程中的CFD基础科学问题研究进展［J］. 航空学报， 2021， 42（9）： 625733.
	YUAN X X， CHEN J Q， DU Y X， et al. Research progress on fundamental CFD issues in National Numerical Windtunnel project［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2021， 42（9）： 625733 （in Chinese）.
21	王将升，王晋军. 多段翼低雷诺数绕流涡-边界层相互干扰［J］. 航空学报， 2023， 44（12）： 127652.
	WANG J S， WANG J J. Vortex/boundary-layer interactions over multi-element airfoil at low Reynolds number［J］. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica， 2023， 44（12）： 127652 （in Chinese）.
22	SUO Z G， ZHAO X H， GREENE W H. A nonlinear field theory of deformable dielectrics［J］. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids， 2008， 56（2）： 467-486.
23	SUO Z G. Theory of dielectric elastomers［J］. Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica， 2010， 23（6）： 549-578.
24	SANCHEZ R， PALACIOS R， ECONOMON T D， et al. Optimal actuation of dielectric membrane wings using high-fidelity fluid-structure modelling［C］∥58th AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures， Structural Dynamics， and Materials Conference. Reston： AIAA， 2017.

结构参数	数值
弦长/mm	136.6
厚度/mm	0.2
弹性模量/Pa	34 150
结构密度/（kg·m^-3）	402.3
下底面压力载荷/Pa	0.7

结构参数	数值	流体参数	数值
弦长/mm	136.6	来流速度/（m·s^-1）	1.0
厚度/mm	0.2	流体密度/（kg·m^-3）	1.0
弹性模量/Pa	34 150	Re	2 500
结构密度/（kg·m^-3）	402.3	攻角/（°）	4

[1]	Jinglei XU, Shuai HUANG, Ruifeng PAN, Yuqi ZHANG. Research on fluidic thrust vectoring nozzle: Recent developments and future trends [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(8): 631216-631216.
[2]	Zhenbing LUO, Hao WANG, Zhijie ZHAO. Theory of dual synthetic jets and its empowerment of advancements in aeronautical technology [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(5): 531821-531821.
[3]	Shilin HU, Bingzhou CHEN, Wei KANG. Lift improvement mechanism of membrane airfoil using dynamic mode decomposition [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(2): 130618-130618.
[4]	Hongyu WANG, Gang WANG, Tao LI, Zhenhou CHAO, Feng GAO. Transverse jet mixing based on energy deposition control via pulsed discharge [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(14): 131520-131520.
[5]	Xiangying GUO, Jie XU, Yongchang HUANG. Characteristic analysis of large-scale wavelength protuberances wings near critical angle [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(S1): 730557-730557.
[6]	Chang WANG, Long HE, Dongxia XU, Min TANG, Shuai MA, Ximing WU. Flow control drag reduction of hub on coaxial rigid rotor aircraft [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(9): 529084-529084.
[7]	Wei XIE, Zhenbing LUO, Yan ZHOU, Qiang LIU, Jianjun WU, Hao DONG. Double wedge shock interaction control using steady jet in hypersonic flow: Experimental study [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(7): 128813-128813.
[8]	Guangjia LI, Hongbo WANG, Kai ZHANG, Zhisheng YI. Lift enhancement and drag reduction technologies of solar powered unmanned aerial vehicles in near space: Review [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 529644-529644.
[9]	Yu ZHU, Jianhui CHENG, Cheng CHEN, Hexia HUANG, Huijun TAN. Mechanism of Bump inlet stable working at supersonic speed [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(24): 130408-130408.
[10]	Yanxiang HOU, Lihao FENG. Wind tunnel virtual flight test of flying wing configuration with active flow control [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(24): 630636-630636.
[11]	Yihong LIU, Xingyu MA, Jiateng PAN, Nan JIANG. Test on controlling coherent structure of separated shear flow by bionic coverts [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(23): 630284-630284.
[12]	Wenbiao GAN, Junjie ZHUANG, Jinwu XIANG, Zhenjie ZUO, Zhijie ZHAO, Zhenbing LUO. Research progress on flow control of propeller for low dynamic near⁃space vehicle [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(17): 530086-530086.
[13]	Songbai WANG, Yuyang HAO, Yadong WU, Yong CHEN, Huawei YU, Lin DU. Research progress on rotating instability of aeroengine compressor [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(16): 29851-029851.
[14]	Ziyun WANG, Hang YU, Yue ZHANG, Huijun TAN, Yi JIN, Xin LI. Research progress on key issues of adjustable inlet system for aerospace vehicles [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(11): 529440-529440.
[15]	Shiqi GAO, Bo DING, Xuzhen XIE, Zheng LI, Lin CHEN, Shouyuan QIAN, Zihan JIAO, Guanghui BAI. Drag reduction mechanism using plasma synthetic jet in high⁃speed flow [J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2023, 44(S2): 729373-729373.

Lift enhancement mechanism of dielectric elastic membrane airfoil

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 17

References 24

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments