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Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (21): 532424.doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32424

• Special Issue: 60th Anniversary of Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China • Previous Articles    

Research progress and prospects in hail impact resistance of aircraft structures

Chunyu BAI1,2,3(), Zihao ZHAO2, Xiaochuan LIU1,2, Yu ZHANG1,2, Yazhou GUO1,2   

  1. 1.National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi’an 710065,China
    2.Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Structures Impact Dynamics,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi’an 710065,China
    3.State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,School of Aerospace,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China
  • Received:2025-06-16 Revised:2025-07-13 Accepted:2025-09-01 Online:2025-09-19 Published:2025-09-10
  • Contact: Chunyu BAI E-mail:baichunyu2006@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National- Level Project

Abstract:

Hail impact under extreme weather conditions poses a significant threat to aircraft structural integrity, often leading to damage or failure in aircraft components such as radomes, wings, and so on. Such events jeopardize aviation safety, making it a critical issue in aircraft structural design that cannot be overlooked. This paper summarizes relevant regulatory requirements pertaining to hail impact on aircraft structures and clarifies the distinctions between hail impact and other foreign object impacts, such as bird strike. The study further elaborates on the current state of technical research and notable advancements in understanding hail impact, covering aspects including the formation mechanisms of hailstones, dynamic constitutive characterization of materials, experimental testing methodologies, numerical simulation approaches, and damage assessment techniques. Finally, the paper offers perspectives on future developments in enhancing aircraft structural resistance to hail impact.

Key words: aircraft structure, hail, impact, damage evaluation, constitute model

CLC Number: