纵向分段多级压缩乘波前体设计方法

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28744

Abstract

Abstract:

The air-breathing high speed vehicle is powered by a scramjet and uses the waverider as a forebody to provide compressed airflow for the intake. The compressibility of the forebody plays a decisive role in the performance of the aircraft and scramjet. The compression performance of the waverider is closely related to the Mach number and shock angle. The single-stage compression usually requires a larger shock angle to meet the requirements of the intake airflow pressure-boost ratio， and meanwhile， the forebody aerodynamic performance is reduced with the larger pitching moment and lower lift-to-drag ratio. To further improve the compression ability of the waverider forebody， a longitudinally segmented multi-stage compression waverider forebody design method is proposed， which can flexibly adjust the compression amount and length ratio according to the inlet need of intake. The produced high pressure area is mainly concentrated in the middle position of the lower waverider surface， which can match a wide range of intake and avoid more edge pressure leakage. Based on the method， the design code is developed， and the two-stage and three-stage cone-derived and osculating-cone waveriders are designed and analyzed， respectively. The numerical results show that the designed waverider has significantly improved compressibility and can simultaneously satisfy the high static pressure， high total pressure recovery and high lift-to-drag ratio with good engineering application prospects.

Key words: waverider forebody, multi-stage compression, total pressure recovery, volumetric efficiency, pressure ratio

CLC Number:

Lili CHEN, Jianxia LIU, Juntao ZHANG, Zheng GUO, Anping WU, Zhongxi HOU. Waverider forebody design method with longitudinal segments and multi-stage compression[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(4): 128744.

Figures/Tables 20

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Table 3

Aerodynamic characteristics of multi-stage compression cone-derived waverider （inviscid）

算例	$C L$	$C D$	$C m$	$L / D$	$m ˙ / (k g ⋅ s - 1)$	$P o u t / P ∞$	$φ$	$σ$
CDW1st	0.145 49	0.034 88	-0.096 4	4.171 1	320.52	4.951	2.471	0.752 1
CDW2st	0.076 40	0.014 57	-0.057 7	5.244 4	327.95	5.252	2.262	0.958 8
CDW3st	0.108 99	0.028 37	-0.088 9	3.841 7	333.85	8.434	2.930	0.915 8

Table 3

Table 4

Aerodynamic characteristics of multi-stage compression cone-derived waverider （viscous）

算例	$C L$	$C D$	$C m$	$L / D$	$m ˙ / (k g ⋅ s - 1)$	$P o u t / P ∞$	$φ$	$σ$
CDW1st	0.146 45	0.039 77	-0.097 5	3.682 4	342.26	4.834	2.322	0.747 4
CDW2st	0.075 93	0.017 57	-0.057 5	4.321 6	334.91	5.083	2.226	0.952 6
CDW3st	0.107 13	0.031 24	-0.084 9	3.429 3	333.24	8.292	3.007	0.903 7

Table 4

Fig.10

Table 5

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Table 6

Aerodynamic characteristics of multi-stage compression osculating-cone waverider （inviscid）

算例	$C L$	$C D$	$C m$	$L / D$	$m ˙ / (k g ⋅ s - 1)$	$P o u t / P ∞$	$φ$	$σ$
OCW1st	0.170 6	0.040 73	-0.103 4	4.189 3	183.1	5.652	2.575	0.700 5
OCW2st	0.099 0	0.021 76	-0.074 3	4.549 6	104.9	7.543	2.854	0.882 6
OCW3st	0.121 4	0.030 84	-0.095 8	3.935 4	104.3	10.235	3.629	0.921 1

Table 6

Table 7

Aerodynamic characteristics of multi-stage compression osculating-cone waverider （viscous）

算例	$C L$	$C D$	$C m$	$L / D$	$m ˙ (k g ⋅ s - 1)$	$P o u t / P ∞$	$φ$	$σ$
OCW1st	0.171 4	0.046 81	-0.107 8	3.661 6	187.5	5.833	2.613	0.673 7
OCW2st	0.098 5	0.025 41	-0.074 2	3.876 4	108.4	7.423	2.766	0.843 7
OCW3st	0.119 1	0.034 17	-0.094 1	3.485 5	108.9	10.333	3.420	0.894 7

Table 7

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计算方法	升力系数C_L	阻力系数C_D	升阻比L/D	误差/%
MAXWARP_无黏^［32］	0.031 72	0.002 257	14.060
MAXWARP_黏性^［32］	0.031 68	0.004 089	7.740
CFL3D_无黏^［32］	0.031 68	0.002 315	13.680	-2.70
CFL3D_黏性^［32］	0.032 28	0.004 391	7.350	-5.04
Fluent_无黏	0.031 65	0.002 311	13.695	-2.60
Fluent_黏性	0.031 85	0.004 439	7.180	-7.23

算例	长度/m	宽度/m	出口面积/m²	容积/m³	水平投影面积/m²	底部面积/m²	容积率
CDW1st	7.156	6	3.884 6	14.810	24.015	5.728	0.251 1
CDW2st	11.593	6	4.343 0	17.840	38.908	5.492	0.175 5
CDW3st	11.593	6	3.412 5	19.167	38.903	6.599	0.184 1

算例	长度/m	宽度/m	出口面积/m²	容积/m³	水平投影面积/m²	底部面积/m²	容积率
OCW1st	6	3	2.129 8	8.705 4	14.035 6	3.332 6	0.301 5
OCW2st	6	3	1.100 5	3.941 1	14.067 2	2.046 4	0.177 4
OCW3st	6	3	0.860 6	4.167 7	14.067 4	2.281 1	0.184 1

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Waverider forebody design method with longitudinal segments and multi-stage compression

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