环形喷嘴宽度对高速诱导轮空化特性的影响

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28730

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the cavitation performance of the high-speed inducer， this study took a high-speed centrifugal pump as the research object， designed a wear-ring drainage device based on the jet principle， and determined that the original scheme and the annular nozzle breadths are 1 mm， 3 mm， 5 mm， 7 mm and 9 mm， respectively. The influence of different schemes on the external characteristics of the high-speed centrifugal pump and the cavitation volume of its flow passage， as well as on the energy transfer and the flow field distribution of the high-speed inducer was studied by the method of numerical calculation and experimental verification. It is found that the high-speed inducer first cavitates at the outer edge of the suction surface at the inlet of the blade. With the reduction of the cavitation number， a large number of conical cavities continuing to diffuse upstream along the central flow channel are generated at the front end of the inducer hub， and finally fill the upstream flow channel with a columnar distribution. The wear-ring drainage device can compensate the pressure in the low pressure area at the inducer inlet by ejecting high-pressure fluid at the impeller outlet， and the ejecting jet can effectively prevent the tip clearance leakage flow， thus improving the cavitation performance of the inducer. However， different breadth schemes in this study produce different degrees of improvement on its cavitation performance. When the annular nozzle breadth is 3 mm， the cavitation performance of the high-speed inducer is improved best， and the critical cavitation number is reduced by 38.24% compared with the original scheme； that is， when the width diameter ratio λ is 0.074， the annular nozzle breadth is the best.

Key words: high-speed inducer, injection principle, wear-ring drainage device, annular nozzle breadth, cavitation performance

CLC Number:

V434.21

Weiguo ZHAO, Huanhuan QIANG, Xingguo LI. Effect of annular nozzle breadth on cavitation characteristics of high⁃speed inducer[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(4): 128730-128730.

Figures/Tables 21

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References 23

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网格方案	P₁	P₂	P₃
诱导轮	1.1×10⁶	1.5×10⁶	1.8×10⁶
叶顶间隙和前口环	0.4×10⁶	0.5×10⁶	0.7×10⁶
叶轮	0.7×10⁶	0.9×10⁶	1.0×10⁶
压水室	0.8×10⁶	0.8×10⁶	0.8×10⁶
其他水力部件	2.0×10⁶	2.0×10⁶	2.0×10⁶
总网格数	5.0×10⁶	5.7×10⁶	6.3×10⁶
扬程/m	573.2	581.4	582.3
效率/%	46.95	47.78	47.89

方案	宽径比λ
原始方案B₀
方案B₁=1 mm	0.025
方案B₂=3 mm	0.074
方案B₃=5 mm	0.123
方案B₄=7 mm	0.172
方案B₅=9 mm	0.222

方案	临界空化数	相对百分比/%
原始方案B₀	0.034
方案B₁=1 mm	0.027	-20.59
方案B₂=3 mm	0.021	-38.24
方案B₃=5 mm	0.026	-23.53
方案B₄=7 mm	0.030	-11.77
方案B₅=9 mm	0.033	-2.90

Effect of annular nozzle breadth on cavitation characteristics of high⁃speed inducer

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