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ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 526608-526608.doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.26608

• Reviews • Previous Articles     Next Articles

X-ray telescope for pulsar deep space reference and its development vision

Qingyong ZHOU1,2(), Ziqing WEI1,2, Yaohu LEI3, Siwei LIU1,2, Xiaolong HAO4, Fumei WU1,2, Yanji YANG5, Pengfei QIANG6   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Engineering,Xi’an 710054,China
    2.Xi’an Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi’an 710054,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province,College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China
    4.Beijing Institute of Communication and Tracking Technology,Beijing 100090,China
    5.Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    6.State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photon Technology,Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Machinery,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710119,China
  • Received:2021-11-02 Revised:2021-11-26 Accepted:2021-12-29 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-15
  • Contact: Qingyong ZHOU E-mail:zjlzqy1986@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(42004004);National Key Basic Research and Development Plan(2020YFB0505801)

Abstract:

Deep space reference is the basis for entering and utilizing space. X-ray telescopes are important observation equipment for constructing pulsar deep space reference. Firstly, the role of pulsar timing in the establishment of deep space reference is discussed, and the requirements of millisecond pulsar space observation on X-ray telescopes are qualitatively analyzed. Then the technical status and development trend of X-ray telescopes at home and abroad are systematically summarized. Secondly, considering the fact that the pulse signal is generally weak and the non-pulse signal and spatial dispersion background are strong in X-ray millisecond pulsar observation, a method for suppressing the non-pulse noise by using high-resolution imaging observation is proposed. A high-resolution low-noise X-ray telescope is then preliminarily designed. Finally, the effects of different pulse signal flow, non-pulse signal flow, angular resolution and lens reflection efficiency on the signal-to-noise ratio during the pulsar observation obtained by focusing imaging, focusing non-imaging and collimating non-imaging X-ray telescopes are analyzed. It is found that the focusing imaging X-ray telescope has better detection ability in the flow of weak pulse signal and strong non-pulse signal. The calculation result also shows that the detection sensitivity of the focusing imaging telescope is better than that of the X-ray Timing Instrument (XTI) of the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) under the same conditions during the observation of five navigation pulsars. It can be seen that the designed focusing imaging X-ray telescope can effectively improve the observation ability of millisecond X-ray pulsars, and provide time service for national comprehensive Positioning, Navigation & Timing(PNT)and the construction of deep space reference system.

Key words: deep space reference, pulsar navigation, X-ray telescope, X-ray detector, pulsar timing

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