航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (11): 332793-332793   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2026.32793

加油装置空中对接先进控制器设计与风洞试验

罗飞1(), 蒋彪1,2, 高怡宁1, 胡志勇1, 刘海良3, 张军红1, 苏子康4   

  1. 1.航空工业第一飞机设计研究院,西安 710089
    2.西北工业大学 航空学院,西安 710072
    3.北京航空航天大学 航空科学与工程学院,北京 100191
    4.南京航空航天大学 自动化学院,南京 210016
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 修回日期:2025-11-12 接受日期:2026-02-04 出版日期:2026-03-17 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 罗飞 E-mail:15624950251@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(62573232);国家自然科学基金(61903190)

Design and wind tunnel test of an advanced controller for aerial refueling docking

Fei LUO1(), Biao JIANG1,2, Yining GAO1, Zhiyong HU1, Hailiang LIU3, Junhong ZHANG1, Zikang SU4   

  1. 1.AVIC First Aircraft Institute,Xi’an 710089,China
    2.School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    3.School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
    4.School of Automation Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
  • Received:2025-09-17 Revised:2025-11-12 Accepted:2026-02-04 Online:2026-03-17 Published:2026-02-27
  • Contact: Fei LUO E-mail:15624950251@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(62573232)

摘要:

灵敏且鲁棒性好的控制器是高效安全对接的核心技术之一。聚焦复杂气流扰动下加油装置快速精准对接控制,建立了具有万向节复合铰链副的加油装置高保真度模型,并在反步控制与滑模观测组成的控制器基础上,考虑机载模型与滤波器设计等嵌入式硬件移植因素,实现了面向硬件可实现的空中对接先进控制器设计,最后,通过地面模拟试验和风洞飞行试验,对比分析了具有机载模型动态反馈的控制器,在2类试验环境下动态响应特性,为类似先进控制器验证开发提供有效设计参考,接着对比分析在风洞试验环境下,比例-积分控制器与先进抗干扰控制器在对接特性方面的响应区别,表明了先进抗干扰控制器在实现加油装置空中对接任务时具有的显著优势。

关键词: 加油, 自动对接, 抗干扰控制, 滑模观测, 风洞试验

Abstract:

A sensitive and robust controller is one of the core technologies for efficient and safe aerial docking. This study focuses on the rapid and precise docking control of a refueling system under complex airflow disturbances. A high-fidelity model of the system with gimbal composite hinge pairs is established. Building upon a controller composed of backstepping control and a sliding mode observer, the design incorporates considerations for embedded hardware transplantation factors, such as onboard models and filter design, thus realizing the design of an advanced aerial docking controller that is hardware-implementable. Finally, through ground simulation tests and wind tunnel flight tests, the dynamic response characteristics of the controller with onboard model dynamic feedback under the two types of test environments were comparatively analyzed. The results provide effective design references for the verification and development of similar advanced controllers. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the response differences in docking characteristics between a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller and the advanced disturbance-rejection controller under wind tunnel test conditions was conducted. This analysis indicates the significant advantages of the advanced disturbance-rejection controller in accomplishing the aerial docking mission of the refueling system.

Key words: refueling, auto docking, disturbance-rejection control, sliding mode observer, wind tunnel test

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