李书盼1,2, 梁彦1,2(
), 张会霞1,2, 闫实1,2, 江安宁1,2, 张华宇1,2
收稿日期:2024-10-15
修回日期:2024-11-04
接受日期:2024-11-20
出版日期:2024-12-10
发布日期:2024-12-10
通讯作者:
梁彦
E-mail:liangyan@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Shupan LI1,2, Yan LIANG1,2(
), Huixia ZHANG1,2, Shi YAN1,2, Anning JIANG1,2, Huayu ZHANG1,2
Received:2024-10-15
Revised:2024-11-04
Accepted:2024-11-20
Online:2024-12-10
Published:2024-12-10
Contact:
Yan LIANG
E-mail:liangyan@nwpu.edu.cn
Supported by:摘要:
基于雷达航迹序列的无人机/飞鸟类型识别是空中安全监管的关键。在实际应用中,随着航迹数据的不断接收,需要准确且快速地实现无人机/飞鸟分类。提出“多特征快速综合、多似然序贯决策、多因子长时精分”的短-中-长多尺度动态分类机制。在多特征快速综合中,按照相同的物理含义将输入航迹向量划分为位置类(代表目标态势占位)、速度类(代表目标态势变化)、辐射类(代表目标材质结构),分别导入短时多头一维卷积神经网络并采用通道注意力机制进行多类别特征综合,从而实时度量目标属性置信;在多似然序贯决策中,统计目标属性置信的似然分布,设计具有多级化的长短时置信似然决策逻辑,从而在更长时间跨度上实现目标属性的综合推理。在多因子长时精分中,提出速率/航向角变化、速率/航向角趋势等多因子度量,进而采用随机森林对难分样本进行长时多特征精确分类。本算法在实际雷达航迹数据中分类准确率、虚警率和漏检率3项指标均优于现有算法,验证了所提算法的有效性。
中图分类号:
李书盼, 梁彦, 张会霞, 闫实, 江安宁, 张华宇. 基于雷达航迹序列的无人机/飞鸟动态分类[J]. 航空学报, 2026, 47(3): 631408.
Shupan LI, Yan LIANG, Huixia ZHANG, Shi YAN, Anning JIANG, Huayu ZHANG. Dynamic classification of unmanned aerial vehicles and flying birds based on radar track sequences[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2026, 47(3): 631408.
表3
消融实验不同模型结构参数
| 模型A网络结构 | 模型B网络结构 | 模型C网络结构 | 模型D网络结构 | 模型E网络结构 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Input(5,10) | Input:Head1(5,3) Head2(5,6) Head3(5,1) | Input:Head1(5,3) Head2(5,6) | Input:Head1(5,3) Head2(5,6) Head3(5,1) | Input:Head1(5,3) Head2(5,6) Head3(5,1) |
| 1D-Conv1(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv1_1(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv1_1(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv1_1(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv1_1(2,1,32) |
| ECA_block1 | ECA_block1_1 | ECA_block1_1 | ECA_block1_1 | |
| 1D-Conv2(2,1,8) | 1D-Conv1_2(2,1,8) | 1D-Conv1_2(2,1,8) | 1D-Conv1_2(2,1,8) | 1D-Conv1_2(2,1,8) |
| 1D-MaxPooling(/2) | 1D-MaxPooling(/2) | 1D-MaxPooling(/2) | 1D-MaxPooling(/2) | 1D-MaxPooling(/2) |
| Concatenate | Concatenate | Concatenate | Concatenate | |
| ECA_block2 | ECA_block3 | ECA_block4 | ECA_block4 | |
| 1D-Conv3(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv4(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv4(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv4(2,1,32) | 1D-Conv4(2,1,32) |
| 1D-Conv4(2,1,1) | 1D-Conv5(2,1,1) | 1D-Conv5(2,1,1) | 1D-Conv4(2,1,64) | 1D-Conv5(2,1,1) |
| 1D-GAP(2) | 1D-GAP(2) | 1D-GAP(2) | FC(F=64) | 1D-GAP(2) |
| softmax(2) | softmax(2) | softmax(2) | FC(F=2),softmax | softmax(2) |
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