航空学报 > 2026, Vol. 47 Issue (17): 633343-633343   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.33343

氧化铁/聚四氟乙烯对铝水推进剂燃烧性能影响

舒瑶1, 张毅铭2, 吴秋2, 刘佩进1, 敖文1()   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 固体推进全国重点实验室,西安 710072
    2.西安航天动力技术研究所,西安 710025
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-07 修回日期:2026-02-02 接受日期:2026-03-30 出版日期:2026-04-27 发布日期:2026-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 敖文 E-mail:aw@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(U2441284);国家自然科学基金(22375164)

Effect of iron oxide/polytetrafluoroethylene on combustion performance of aluminum-water propellant

Yao SHU1, Yiming ZHANG2, Qiu WU2, Peijin LIU1, Wen AO1()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Solid Propulsion,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an  710072,China
    2.Institute of Xi’an Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Xi’an  710025,China
  • Received:2026-01-07 Revised:2026-02-02 Accepted:2026-03-30 Online:2026-04-27 Published:2026-04-27
  • Contact: Wen AO E-mail:aw@nwpu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2441284)

摘要:

相比常规固体推进剂,铝水推进剂具有成本低、产物环境友好等优点,被视为新一代绿色推进剂。铝水推进剂在实际应用中存在燃烧效率低、产物残留多等问题。通过引入金属氧化物氧化铁、氟聚物聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)对原料铝粉进行改性,系统研究了添加剂对铝水推进剂热分解行为、燃烧特性、铝颗粒团聚的影响规律。研究结果表明,氧化铁、PTFE均能显著提升推进剂的升温速率、燃烧强度、质量燃速、燃烧效率,并有效抑制铝颗粒团聚。其中,Fe2O3对燃速的促进效果最佳可提升82%,燃烧产物平均粒径最大减小53.2%,燃烧效率提高9.6%。PTFE使燃速最大提高63%,燃烧产物平均粒径最大减小46%。研究为先进铝水推进剂的配方优化提供了新思路、实验依据。

关键词: 铝水推进剂, 燃烧性能, 铝团聚, 燃烧产物, 热氧化特性

Abstract:

Compared with conventional solid propellants, aluminum-water propellant offers advantages such as low cost and environmentally friendly combustion products, positioning it as a new-generation green propellant. However, in practical applications, aluminum-water propellant suffers from a series of issues including low combustion efficiency and excessive product residues. The raw aluminum powder was modified by introducing iron (Ⅲ) oxide (Fe2O3) and the fluoropolymer Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as additives. The effects of these additives on the thermal decomposition behavior, combustion characteristics, and aluminum particle agglomeration of aluminum-water propellant were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that both Fe2O3 and PTFE significantly enhance the heating rate, combustion intensity, burning rate, and combustion efficiency of the propellant, while effectively inhibiting aluminum particle agglomeration. Specifically, Fe2O3 exhibits the most pronounced promoting effect on burning rate, achieving an increase of up to 82%, along with a maximum reduction of 53.2% in the average diameter of combustion products and a 9.6% improvement in combustion efficiency. PTFE increases the burning rate by up to 63% and reduces the average combustion product diameter by a maximum of 46%. This study provides new insights and experimental evidence for the formulation optimization of advanced aluminum-water propellants.

Key words: aluminum water propellant, combustion performance, aluminum agglomeration, combustion products, thermal oxidation characteristic

中图分类号: