航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (3): 630526-630526   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30526

深空光电测量与智能感知技术专栏

一种X射线脉冲星自转参数估计新方法

韩孟纳1,2, 童明雷1,2(), 石永强3, 王浙宇1,2,4   

  1. 1.中国科学院 国家授时中心,西安 710600
    2.时间基准及应用重点实验室(中国科学院),西安 710600
    3.北京控制工程研究所 空间光电测量与感知实验室,北京 100190
    4.中国科学院大学 天文与空间科学学院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-14 修回日期:2024-06-05 接受日期:2024-11-04 出版日期:2024-11-18 发布日期:2024-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 童明雷 E-mail:mltong@ntsc.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    空间光电测量与感知实验室开放基金(LabSOMP-2023-12);科技部SKA专项(2020SKA0120103);国家自然科学基金(U1831130)

A new estimation algorithm for spin parameters of X-ray pulsar

Mengna HAN1,2, Minglei TONG1,2(), Yongqiang SHI3, Zheyu WANG1,2,4   

  1. 1.National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an  710600,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an  710600,China
    3.Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Laboratory,Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing  100190,China
    4.School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing  100049,China
  • Received:2024-04-14 Revised:2024-06-05 Accepted:2024-11-04 Online:2024-11-18 Published:2024-11-14
  • Contact: Minglei TONG E-mail:mltong@ntsc.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Laboratory(LabSOMP-2023-12);National SKA Program of China(2020SKA0120103);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1831130)

摘要:

脉冲星参数数据库的建立是脉冲星观测的重要成果,也是开展脉冲星空间应用研究的基础。脉冲星计时模型参数精度的提升对于脉冲星应用具有重要意义,如X射线脉冲星导航、深空时间基准维持等。针对脉冲星的射电星历无法满足其在X射线计时分析中的需求,以NICER探测器观测的PSR B1937+21为研究对象,提出了基于RANSAC抗差拟合的脉冲星自转参数更新方法,对比了使用最小二乘拟合算法、高斯-牛顿迭代法与RANSAC抗差拟合算法更新自转参数后的计时结果,分析了参数更新过程脉冲轮廓的特征变化。自转参数更新后,计时残差中的主要趋势项被扣除,计时精度及6年内自转稳定度提升明显。

关键词: 脉冲星计时, 毫秒脉冲星, 参数拟合, 计时残差, 稳定度

Abstract:

The establishment of pulsar parameter database is an important achievement of pulsar observation, and is also the basis for the study of pulsar applications in space. The improvement of the accuracy of pulsar timing model parameters is of great significance for pulsar applications, such as X-ray pulsar navigation, and time reference maintenance in deep space. However, the radio ephemeris of pulsars cannot meet the needs of X-ray timing analysis. In this paper, the PSR B1937+21 observed by NICER detector is taken as the research object, and a method using RANSAC robust fitting to update pulsar’s spin parameters is proposed. The timing results after updating the spin parameters using the least squares fitting algorithm, the Gauss-Newton iteration method and the RANSAC robust fitting algorithm are compared, and the characteristic changes of pulse profile during parameter updating are analyzed. After the spin parameters are updated, the main trend items in timing residuals are deducted, and the timing accuracy and rotation stability within six years are improved significantly.

Key words: pulsar timing, millisecond pulsar, parameter fit, timing residual, stability

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