航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (15): 131534-131534   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.31534

高转速旋转篦齿流动与温升特性实验

王志伟1, 查天衡2, 刘博文3, 陈燕1(), 林阿强1, 刘高文1   

  1. 1.西北工业大学 动力与能源学院,西安 710129
    2.中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海 200241
    3.中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,株洲 412002
    4.山东佐耀智能装备股份有限公司,威海 264300
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14 修回日期:2024-12-24 接受日期:2025-03-31 出版日期:2025-04-11 发布日期:2025-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈燕 E-mail:xjtu.chenyan@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52476091);航空科学基金(2024M070053001);中国博士后科学基金(2025T181167);泰山产业领军人才工程

Experiment on flow and windage heating characteristics of high-speed rotating labyrinth

Zhiwei WANG1, Tianheng ZHA2, Bowen LIU3, Yan CHEN1(), Aqiang LIN1, Gaowen LIU1   

  1. 1.School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129,China
    2.AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co. ,Ltd. ,Shanghai 200241,China
    3.AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou 412002,China
    4.Shandong Zuoyao Intelligent Equipment Co. ,Ltd. ,Weihai 264300,China
  • Received:2024-11-14 Revised:2024-12-24 Accepted:2025-03-31 Online:2025-04-11 Published:2025-04-10
  • Contact: Yan CHEN E-mail:xjtu.chenyan@nwpu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52476091);Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2024M070053001);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025T181167);Taishan Industrial Experts Program

摘要:

封严篦齿系统的性能对航空发动机的效率提升和功耗控制具有重要意义。设计并搭建了高转速旋转篦齿实验台,基于测量仪器的测量参数校准,系统研究了几何参数与气动参数尤其是来流温度对典型台阶型斜齿泄漏、温升和旋流特性的影响,定量分析各参数对篦齿封严性能的影响机理。实验结果表明:在旋转马赫数0~0.557和压比1.1~2.0条件下,篦齿间隙从0.17 mm增加到0.61 mm,流量系数随着篦齿间隙的增大先降低后升高;当旋转马赫数为0.348、压比为1.1时,进气温度从16.5 ℃升高到100 ℃,温升系数增加幅度为49.4%;当设计间隙为0.6 mm、压比为2.0时,温升系数从0.371增加到0.764,增加幅度为105.9%,出口旋转比增加幅度为14.8%;流量系数随压比的升高呈线性增加的趋势,而温升系数与出口旋转比随压比的升高而减小;对于设计间隙为0.6 mm,压比从1.1提高至2.0,当旋转马赫数为0.418时,流量系数增加幅度为26.5%,温升系数与出口旋转比减小幅度分别为27.9%、11.1%。

关键词: 航空发动机, 篦齿封严, 泄漏特性, 温升特性, 旋流特性

Abstract:

The performance of sealing labyrinth systems significantly impacts aero-engine efficiency and power consumption. a high-speed rotating test rig was designed and constructed. Based on the calibration of measurement parameters from instruments, this study investigates the effects of geometric and aerodynamic parameters, especially the incoming flow temperature, on the leakage, windage heating, and swirl flow characteristics of a typical stepped-slanted labyrinth seal. The influence mechanism of each parameter on sealing performance is quantitatively analyzed. Experimental results show that at rotating Mach numbers of 0 to 0.557 and pressure ratios of 1.1 to 2.0, the seal clearance increases from 0.17 mm to 0.61 mm, and discharge coefficient initially decreased and then increased. At a rotating Mach number of 0.348 and a pressure ratio of 1.1, increasing the inlet temperature from 16.5 °C to 100 °C results in a 49.4% increase in the windage heating coefficient. At a design clearance of 0.6 mm and a pressure ratio of 2.0, windage heating coefficient increases by 105.9%, from 0.371 to 0.764, as rotating Mach number increases. Concurrently, outlet swirl ratio exhibits a 14.8% increase. The discharge coefficient exhibits a linear increase with increasing pressure ratio, whereas windage heating coefficient and outlet swirl ratio both decrease as the pressure ratio increases. For a design clearance of 0.6 mm and a rotating Mach number of 0.418, increasing the pressure ratio from 1.1 to 2.0 results in a 26.5% increase in the discharge coefficient, while the windage heating coefficient and outlet swirl ratio decrease by 27.9% and 11.1%, respectively.

Key words: aero-engine, labyrinth seal, leakage characteristic, windage heating characteristic, swirl flow characteristic

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