飞机全电刹车机电作动系统上电自检测

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0216

电子与控制

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飞机全电刹车机电作动系统上电自检测

相里康, 马瑞卿

西北工业大学自动化学院, 西安 710072

收稿日期:2016-05-06 修回日期:2016-07-18 出版日期:2016-12-15 发布日期:2016-07-22
通讯作者: 马瑞卿,Tel.:029-88431399,E-mail:marq@nwpu.edu.cn E-mail:marq@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介:相里康,男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:全电刹车系统控制技术,无刷电机驱动技术。E-mail:xiangli@mail.nwpu.edu.cn;马瑞卿,男,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:永磁电机驱动控制技术,电力电子技术。Tel.:029-88431399,E-mail:marq@nwpu.edu.cn

Power-on self-test of electro-mechanical actuation system for aircraft electric braking

XIANGLI Kang, MA Ruiqing

School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China

Received:2016-05-06 Revised:2016-07-18 Online:2016-12-15 Published:2016-07-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出了一种飞机全电刹车机电作动（EMA）系统的上电自检测（POST）方法，以保证系统在运行前处于安全工作区域。通过检测，可及时准确地定位和更换故障部件，提高飞机出勤率。在系统运行之前，尽可能在有限的检测次数内全面准确地检测敏感元件，定位故障部件，避免造成刹车系统的二次伤害。针对逆变器和电机三相绕组组成的驱动回路，利用母线电容放电产生电流，完成检测。检测过程利用电容电压而非电源为逆变器供电，可防止过高的短路电流对电源的冲击，且电容上存储的能量有限，可有效避免短路故障对系统的二次伤害。检测方法在原有电路的基础上并未增加传感器和检测电路，但实现了逆变器功率管以及电机绕组，短路和开路故障的全面检测，且可定位出故障部件和故障原因。该机电作动系统上电自检测方法能够保证在一秒内完成系统全面自检测，经过1 000次正常及带故障试验，故障的误报率和漏报率保持在1‰以下。在现场试验中，系统可抵御飞机复杂的电磁环境（EME），工作性能稳定。通过软件设置不同故障阈值，可方便移植到其他机电作动系统中。

关键词: 机电作动系统, 全电刹车, 无刷直流电机, 自检测, 逆变器, 定子绕组, 短路, 开路

Abstract:

In this paper, a power-on self-test (POST) scheme for the electro-mechanical actuation (EMA) system for aircraft electric braking is proposed to ensure that the motor drive system is in healthy condition. With self-test, fault components can be found, located and exchanged accurately and timely to ensure the flight rate of aircraft. With the proposed scheme, vulnerable components can be tested and faulty parts can be located with minimum times, then the secondary damage can then be avoided. For the drive-loop consisted of inverter and motor three-phase windings, a power-on self-test scheme is put forward and analyzed. In the testing process, the dc-link capacitor, controlled by a MOSFET, is charged to store energy and discharged to generate current for test. Meanwhile, the faults are identified by detecting the maximum value of the current. With the proposed scheme, BLDC motor can run safely by comprehensively diagnosing open-circuit faults and short-circuit faults of inverter and three-phase windings in advance. Compared with the traditional schemes, no more sensors or detection circuits is added. The POST scheme for EMA system can realize comprehensive self-test within one second. False alarm rate and omission rate remain less than 1% in the experiment with and without faults. The scheme can also resist the complicated electromagnetic environment (EME) of the aircraft, and its performance is stable and reliable. With different fault thresholds, it can be migrated to other EMA system handily.

Key words: electro-mechanical actuation system, electric braking, brushless DC motors, self-test, inverter, stator winding, short circuit, open circuit

中图分类号:

V240.2

相里康, 马瑞卿. 飞机全电刹车机电作动系统上电自检测[J]. 航空学报, 2016, 37(12): 3832-3842.

XIANGLI Kang, MA Ruiqing. Power-on self-test of electro-mechanical actuation system for aircraft electric braking[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2016, 37(12): 3832-3842.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

飞机全电刹车机电作动系统上电自检测

Power-on self-test of electro-mechanical actuation system for aircraft electric braking

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