航空学报 > 2014, Vol. 35 Issue (5): 1404-1415   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0422

飞行器无动力应急着陆域和着陆轨迹设计

王宏伦1,2, 裴云峰2, 倪少波3, 邵星灵2   

  1. 1. 北京航空航天大学 无人驾驶飞行器设计研究所, 北京 100191;
    2. 北京航空航天大学 飞行器控制一体化技术重点实验室, 北京 100191;
    3. 北京航天自动控制研究所, 北京 100854
  • 收稿日期:2013-08-20 修回日期:2013-10-12 出版日期:2014-05-25 发布日期:2013-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 王宏伦,Tel.:010-82317546 E-mail:hl_wang_2002@126.com E-mail:hl_wang_2002@126.com
  • 作者简介:王宏伦男,博士,研究员,博士生导师。主要研究方向:飞行器自主控制与智能决策,精确引导与控制,高超声速飞行器制导与控制,复杂环境航路规划与跟踪。Tel:010-82317546E-mail:hl_wang_2002@126.com;裴云峰男,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:飞行器先进制导与控制。Tel:010-82317546E-mail:yfpei007@163.com;倪少波男,硕士,研究员。主要研究方向:飞行器导航、制导与控制。Tel:010-68762214E-mail:wilson731127@126.com;邵星灵男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:飞行器先进制导与控制。Tel:010-82317546E-mail:huanying3557913@sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(61175084);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(YWF-10-01-B015)

Design of Emergency Landing Region and Landing Trajectory for Unpowered Aircraft

WANG Honglun1,2, PEI Yunfeng2, NI Shaobo3, SHAO Xingling2   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
    2. Science and Technology on Aircraft Control Laboratory, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
    3. Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute, Beijing 100854, China
  • Received:2013-08-20 Revised:2013-10-12 Online:2014-05-25 Published:2013-10-21
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (61175084); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YWF-10-01-B015)

摘要:

针对飞行器动力故障迫降着陆问题,提出一种应急着陆域(ELR)和着陆轨迹设计方法。首先,提出了无动力应急着陆域的概念,即无动力条件下可实现成功着陆的着陆点范围,并分别应用最优控制方法和hp自适应伪谱法对着陆域进行设计和求解;采用理论分析与仿真验证相结合的方法分析应急着陆域的特点以及影响着陆域大小的主要因素,并据此得到求解应急着陆域的简单近似方法。然后,依据所求得的应急着陆域,选择合适位置作为预定着陆点,并应用最优控制方法设计对应的着陆轨迹。仿真结果表明:应急着陆域的建立、分析对快速选择预定着陆点具有重要参考价值;设计的应急着陆轨迹可引导无动力飞行器实现成功着陆。

关键词: 迫降着陆, 应急着陆域, 着陆轨迹设计, 最优控制, hp自适应伪谱法

Abstract:

Against the background of forced landing of unpowered aircraft caused by engine failure, this paper presents a design of the emergency landing region (ELR) and landing trajectory. First, the concept of ELR is introduced as the set of landing points within which an unpowered aircraft can achieve a soft landing. ELR is modeled using the optimal control method and computed through the hp-adaptive pseudospectral method. The features of ELR and the key factors that influence it are analyzed by theoretical deduction combined with simulation, and a simple approximation method to calculate ELR is obtained accordingly. Then, an emergency landing site is selected according to ELR, and the corresponding landing trajectory is designed through the optimal control method. Simulation results demonstrate that the establishment and analysis of ELR have great reference value for selecting an emergency landing site quickly, and the designed landing trajectory can guide an unpowered aircraft to a safe landing.

Key words: forced landing, emergency landing region, landing trajectory design, optimal control, hp-adaptive pseudospectral method

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