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大温差下PCHE起动过程的建模与实验研究

王子豪1,杜家磊2,梁国柱3,王浩泽4,蔡震宇4,马晓秋4   

  1. 1. 北京航空航天大学宇航学院
    2. 北京航空航天大学宇航学院;北京航天动力研究所
    3. 北京航空航天大学
    4. 北京航天动力研究所低温液体推进技术实验室
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-03 修回日期:2023-01-08 出版日期:2023-01-12 发布日期:2023-01-12
  • 通讯作者: 梁国柱

Modelling and Experimental Investigation of the PCHE for Starting Process under Large Temperature Difference

  • Received:2022-08-03 Revised:2023-01-08 Online:2023-01-12 Published:2023-01-12
  • Contact: Guozhu LIANG

摘要: 针对大温差下的印刷电路板式换热器(Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger,PCHE)的起动过程,提出了一种一维瞬态换热计算模型,该模型考虑了印刷电路板式换热器固体结构的内部导热过程,可对起动过程中换热介质和印刷电路板式换热器的温度响应予以计算。同时以N2为换热介质,开展了印刷电路板式换热器的瞬态换热实验,换热介质的最高和最低温度分别为450 K和103 K,将模型计算结果与实验结果进行对比,冷侧N2出口温度的模型计算值与实验值之间的平均误差为11.7 K,实验结束时热、冷侧换热量的计算偏差均在7%以内,该结果证明了所提出的计算模型的有效性。在上述计算模型的基础上,对起动过程中印刷电路板式换热器内部温度的分布和变化过程进行了计算和分析,计算结果表明换热器的外侧盖板与核心固体区之间的传热过程非常重要,在进行大温差下的瞬态换热过程计算时不应被轻易忽略,同时增大换热介质的流量和减小换热器外侧盖板的厚度是缩短印刷电路板式换热器起动过程响应时间的有效方法。

关键词: 印刷电路板式换热器, 起动过程, 一维模型, 实验, 传热

Abstract: A one-dimensional transient heat transfer model is developed in this paper for the starting process of printed circuit heat exchangers under large temperature difference. The model considers the internal heat conduction process of the solid material of the printed circuit heat exchanger and is able to predict the temperature behavior of both fluid and solid materials. Transient heat exchanger experiments using N2 as the medium on the printed circuit heat exchanger are conducted. The maximum and minimum temperature of N2 are 450 K and 103 K, respectively. Comparing the model prediction results with the experiment results, the validity of the model is proved for the average deviation of outlet temperature at the cold side during the starting process is 11.7 K and the calculation deviations of heat transfer on both sides are within 7%. Furthermore, the model is applied to calculate and analyze the distribution and variation of the internal temperature of the printed circuit heat exchanger. The results indicate that the heat transfer between the cover plate and the core region of the printed circuit heat exchanger is important and cannot be easily ignored in the simulation of transient process under large temperature difference. The results also show that increasing mass flow rates of heat exchanger mediums and decreasing the thickness of the cover plate are effective methods to shorten the response time of starting process.

Key words: Printed circuit heat exchanger, Starting process, One-dimensional model, Experiment, Heat transfer

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