航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (11): 327586-327586   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27586

改进速度障碍法的无人机局部路径规划算法

郭华, 郭小和()   

  1. 南昌航空大学 飞行器工程学院,南昌 330000
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-08 修回日期:2022-07-28 接受日期:2022-09-29 出版日期:2023-06-15 发布日期:2022-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 郭小和 E-mail:34009@nchu.edu.cn

Local path planning algorithm for UAV based on improved velocity obstacle method

Hua GUO, Xiaohe GUO()   

  1. School of Aircraft Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330000,China
  • Received:2022-06-08 Revised:2022-07-28 Accepted:2022-09-29 Online:2023-06-15 Published:2022-10-14
  • Contact: Xiaohe GUO E-mail:34009@nchu.edu.cn

摘要:

针对无人机基于环境感知进行局部路径再规划的实时与安全性问题,提出了一种基于改进速度障碍法的局部路径避障规划算法。将传统速度障碍法拓展到三维空间中,建立三维空间速度障碍模型,将机动性动态障碍物在速度空间中的运动不确定转化为位置不确定,实时性更好,提高了避障水平与安全裕度;通过定义和引入自适应威胁距离,提高了无人机在避障过程中对原航迹的利用率;利用空间几何分析,求解无人机空间自主避障的最优速度,实现局部路径动态实时规划。通过比较分析对遇、追击和交叉3种场景下的局部路径避障规划仿真结果,验证了该算法的实时性、可行性和有效性。

关键词: 路径规划, 速度障碍法, 机动性障碍物, 自适应威胁距离, 自主避障, 最优速度

Abstract:

To solve the real-time and safety problems in UAV local path replanning based on environment awareness, a local path avoidance planning algorithm is proposed based on the improved velocity obstacle method. The traditional velocity obstacle method is extended to the three-dimensional space, and a three-dimensional spatial velocity obstacle model is established to transform the motion uncertainty of maneuvering dynamic obstacles in the velocity space into position uncertainty, with better real-time performance and improved obstacle avoidance level and safety margin. By defining and introducing adaptive threat distance, the utilization rate of the original trajectory of the UAV in the obstacle avoidance process is improved. The optimal speed of spatial autonomous obstacle avoidance is solved using spatial geometric analysis, and dynamic real-time planning of local paths is achieved. The timeliness, feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by comparing the simulation results of local path obstacle avoidance planning under three scenarios: encounter, pursuit and crossover.

Key words: path planning, velocity obstacle method, maneuvering obstacle, adaptive threat distance, autonomous obstacle avoidance, optimal velocity

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