导航

Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Neural network-assisted cooperative navigation of spacecraft clusters under GNSS denials

Ming LIU, Jiao WU()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Micro-Spacecraft Rapid Design and Intelligent Cluster,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China
  • Received:2025-05-28 Revised:2025-06-27 Accepted:2025-09-03 Online:2025-09-05 Published:2025-09-05
  • Contact: Jiao WU E-mail:wn941030@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Science Center Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(62188101);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF0504702);National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273116);SiYuan Collaborative Innovation Alliance of Artificial Intelligence Science and Technology(HTKJ2023SY502003)

Abstract:

To address the problems of navigation dispersion in the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) short-term denial scenario during the on-orbit autonomous navigation of spacecraft clusters, we introduce a Data-Link-based (DL) relative ranging system and a neural network auxiliary module to improve the navigation effect under GNSS denial. Considering the different sampling frequencies of INS, GNSS, and DL systems, this paper constructs the Factor Graph (FG) architecture, which has the feature of plug-and-play, and adopts the belief propagation rules to dynamically fuse the multi-source measurement information of INS/GNSS/DL, enabling spacecraft cooperative positioning. To avoid the error amplification when solving the ranging information of the data links, a relative ranging information solving method based on the rotation matrix is designed. A composite fault diagnosis mechanism based on the inertial integral state and the historical measurement residuals is designed, which together with the plug-and-play characteristics of the FG, enables detection and isolation of the GNSS faults and DL faults. Moreover, for the GNSS denial case, an auxiliary system combining General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and Elman Neural Network (ENN) is designed to fit the potential relationship between GNSS and INS navigation data at historical moments and provide an online prediction and compensation of missed GNSS navigation data. The predicted GNSS data are further fused with the INS/DL data to obtain the combined navigation results under the GNSS denial case. The simulation results show that the introduction of datalink-based relative ranging information and the GRNN-ENN neural network-assisted system can effectively mitigate the navigation divergence in the GNSS denial case.

Key words: multi-spacecraft cooperative navigation, combined navigation, factor graph, Elman neural network, belief propagation

CLC Number: