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ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 524530-524530.doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.24530

• Review • Previous Articles     Next Articles

State of the art and perspectives of numerical simulation of aircraft structural integrity from hydrodynamics-Part I: Ditching and floating

TONG Mingbo1, CHEN Jichang1, LI Le1, XIAO Tianhang1, GU Biao2, DONG Dengke3, WANG Zhengzhong4   

  1. 1. College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;
    2. China Special Vehicle Research Institute, Jingmen 448035, China;
    3. China Aircraft Strength Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China;
    4. China Helicopter Research and Development Institute, Jingdezhen 333001, China
  • Received:2020-07-11 Revised:2020-12-05 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-02-08
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (11672133);Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20182352015, 201928052009);A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

Abstract: The importance and requirements of structural integrity and passenger safety in aeronautics and astronautics communities have been strongly demonstrated in the past decades for series of scenarios, among which ditching, floating, sloshing and water dropping-scooping are closely related to both aerodynamics and hydrodynamics. To date, the numerical simulation technique has become one of the most powerful tools in the field of aircraft design and analysis due to the advanced technologies in terms of both hardware and algorithm. We provide a review of state-of-art numerical methods and applications in the above four typical aircraft scenarios that are dominated by hydrodynamic forces based on historic process knowledge. According to the difference of flow characteristics, that is outer flow or inner flow dominated, this review is divided into two parts Part I focuses on aircraft ditching and floating, and part II discusses sloshing and water dropping-scooping. In Part I, a literature investigation of the accidents and experiments of ditching and floating in the history of human aircraft usage is firstly presented, and the algorithms of two-phase interface and FSI (Flow-Structure Interaction) is then discussed. Secondly, based on practical engineering cases, we give the definition of ditching and floating and overview the past research on their physical processes, force analysis and corresponding algorithms and software developed in China and abroad.A detailed review of parameter influence of ditching and floating is then provided, including initial flight conditions, wave, flexible structural model, shape profile and progressive flooding. We finally specify the difficulties in the numerical simulation and applications of air-water-structure interaction in aircraft ditching and floating under the circumstances of wind and wave, which also reveals the technical difficulties and future development direction of the aircraft structural integrity from hydrodynamics perspective.

Key words: ditching/water landing, floating, sloshing, water dropping-scooping, two-phase interface, flow-structure interaction

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