铜-铝双金属轴承超声预熔覆-钎焊复合连接

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.31038

Abstract

Abstract:

The Zn-6Al solder was used separately to ultrasonically pre-clad the aluminum alloy matrix and the copper alloy bushing surfaces to be connected. The connection of the bearing was achieved by secondary soldering after hot assembly. The interface microstructure of aluminum alloy and copper alloy after pre-cladding a solder layer as well as the microstructure of the joints after the secondary soldering were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrometry. Meanwhile， the effects of soldering holding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of joints were investigated. The differences in the mechanical properties of the joints under two methods of ultrasonic pre-cladding and then soldering and direct ultrasonic-assisted soldering were comparatively investigated. Furthermore， the bonding rate of bearing specimens fabricated by ultrasonic pre-cladding and soldering composite connections was tested using a water immersion ultrasonic C-scan system. The results indicated good bonding of the Al/Zn-6Al interface and Cu/Zn-6Al interface after pre-cladding， and the Cu/Zn-6Al/Al joints with no obvious defects formed after secondary soldering. The shear strength of the joint decreased with the increase of the secondary soldering holding time. When the soldering holding time was 30 s， the maximum strength of the joint reached 135.8 MPa， with fracture occurring in the CuZn₅ phase of the joint. However， when using direct ultrasound-assisted soldering method， the shear strength of the joints initially increase and then decrease as the ultrasonic time increases. When the ultrasonic action time was 4 s， the maximum strength of the joint reached 65.9 MPa， with the fracture location located at the junction of the Cu₅Zn₈ phase and the CuZn₅ phase. The shear strength of the joints was lower than the joints obtained by ultrasonic pre-cladding and then soldering. In addition， the bearing specimens connected by ultrasonic pre-cladding and then soldering had a weldability of about 99.3% on the end faces and 99.5% in the holes， with no penetrating defects.

Key words: aluminum alloys, copper alloys, ultrasonic pre-cladding, soldering, bearing connections

CLC Number:

V232.7

Na SONG, Jing LIU, Juhong QIE, Wei QIANG, Zhuolin LI, Suliu YI, Haoran WANG. Ultrasonic pre-cladding and soldering for composite connecting of copper-aluminum bimetallic bearings[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2025, 46(8): 431038.

Figures/Tables 16

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区域	Zn	Al	可能相
A	94.16%	5.84%	Zn-Al共晶
B	98.60%	1.40%	η-Zn
C	62.65%	37.35%	α-Al
D	93.25%	6.75%	Zn-Al共晶

区域	Al	Cu	Zn	可能相
A	2.02%	15.63%	82.35%	CuZn₅
B	44.51%	1.62%	53.87%	富Al相
C	2.97%	14.25%	82.78%	CuZn₅
D	2.51%	39.22%	58.27%	Cu₅Zn₈

区域	Al	Cu	Zn	可能相
A	59.86%	3.28%	36.86%	α-Al
B	9.68%	15.36%	74.96%	CuZn₅
C	7.25%	14.16%	78.59%	CuZn₅
D	49.71%	38.16%	12.13%	Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7
E	6.14%	22.57%	71.29%	CuZn₅

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Ultrasonic pre-cladding and soldering for composite connecting of copper-aluminum bimetallic bearings

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